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Associations between trajectories of perceived racial discrimination and psychological symptoms among African American adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 June 2014

Mia A. Smith-Bynum ,
Sharon F. Lambert ,
Devin English  and
Nicholas S. Ialongo
Mia A. Smith-Bynum*
Affiliation:
University of Maryland–College Park
Sharon F. Lambert
Affiliation:
George Washington University
Devin English
Affiliation:
George Washington University
Nicholas S. Ialongo
Affiliation:
Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Mia A. Smith-Bynum, Department of Family Science, School of Public Health, University of Maryland–College Park, College Park, MD 20742; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Many African American adolescents experience racial discrimination, with adverse consequences; however, stability and change in these experiences over time have not been examined. We examined longitudinal patterns of perceived racial discrimination assessed in Grades 7–10 and how these discrimination trajectories related to patterns of change in depressive and anxious symptoms and aggressive behaviors assessed over the same 4-year period. Growth mixture modeling performed on a community epidemiologically defined sample of urban African American adolescents (n = 504) revealed three trajectories of discrimination: increasing, decreasing, and stable low. As predicted, African American boys were more frequent targets for racial discrimination as they aged, and they were more likely to be in the increasing group. The results of parallel process growth mixture modeling revealed that youth in the increasing racial discrimination group were four times more likely to be in an increasing depression trajectory than were youth in the low stable discrimination trajectory. Though youth in the increasing racial discrimination group were nearly twice as likely to be in the high aggression trajectory, results were not statistically significant. These results indicate an association between variation in the growth of perceived racial discrimination and youth behavior and psychological well-being over the adolescent years.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 26 , Issue 4pt1 , November 2014 , pp. 1049 - 1065
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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