¹ Thrupp, Sylvia L., “The Creativity of Cities: A Review Article”, Comparative Studies in Society and History, IV (November, 1961), pp. 53–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

² See e.g. Charles Coulston Gillispie, The Edge of Objectivity (Princeton, 1960) and Singer, Charles et al. (eds.), A History of Technology, III (Oxford, 1957).Google Scholar

³ Another reason for this failure to achieve any consensus regarding the nature of the urban patterns in ancient Egypt, in Mesopotamia, and in the Maya area is that the protagonists neglect to view the earlier cities in light of those on which fuller data are available. Consequently, they fail to ask themselves certain simple sociological questions —e.g. Where did all the persons supporting the upper class reside? Thus, the notion that the ancient Maya centers were merely ceremonial foci, and not “true” cities, is slowly but surely being overthrown by research currently underway in the region.