¹ Borton, Hugh, Peasant Uprisings in Japan of the Tokugawa Period (1938; rpt. New York: Paragon Books, 1968)Google Scholar; Norman, E. Herbert, Japan's Emergence as a Modern State (New York: Institute of Pacific Relations, 1940).Google Scholar

² It should be added, however, that recovery has come at the expense of greater debt, as demonstrated, for example, in Hiromitsu, Ishi, “Cutting the Budget to the Bone,” Look Japan (10 03 1985), 20–21.Google Scholar

³ Most recently, Apter, David and Sawa, Nagayo, Against the State: Politics and Social Protest in Japan (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984)Google Scholar; Steiner, Kurt, Krauss, Ellis S. and Flanagan, Scott, eds. Political Opposition and Local Politics in Japan (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980)Google Scholar; Bowen, Roger, Rebellion and Democracy in Meiji Japan (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980)Google Scholar; Vlastos, Stephen, Peasant Protests and Uprisings in Tokugawa Japan (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986); and, in progress, David Groth's study of the anti-Shinkansen movement.Google Scholar