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⁴⁵ Ibid., 336.

⁴⁶ Ibid., 166–206.

⁴⁷ Ibid., 300.

⁴⁸ Ibid., 22.

⁴⁹ Though it always had adherents such as Leslie White, to a greater or lesser degree idiosyncratic, and interest may be reviving: for example, Allen, Nicholas J., et al. , eds., Early Human Kinship: From Sex to Social Reproduction (Oxford, 2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

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⁶³ Cross-fertilization with literary studies, New Historicism in particular, was part of the landscape: Gallagher, Catherine and Greenblatt, Stephen, Practicing New Historicism (Chicago, 2000), 20–31Google Scholar.

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⁸⁷ Ibid., 17.

⁸⁸ Ibid., 103.

⁸⁹ Ibid., 17.

⁹⁰ Ibid., 98.

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⁹² Ibid., 7.

⁹³ Ibid., 42.

⁹⁴ Halperin, Winkler, and Zeitlin, “Introduction,” 3.

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¹⁰¹ Ibid., 3.

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¹⁰⁸ Skinner, “Zeus and Leda,” 118.

¹⁰⁹ Ibid.: Skinner endorses “undermining the sociobiological doctrine of genetically programmed female behavior.”

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¹¹¹ Especially Smuts, Barbara, “The Evolutionary Origins of Patriarchy,” Human Nature 6 (1995): 1–32CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed. Vandermassen, Griet, “Can Darwinian Feminism Save Female Autonomy and Leadership in Egalitarian Society?” Sex Roles 59 (2008): 482–91CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Hrdy, Sarah Blaffer, “Raising Darwin's Consciousness: Female Sexuality and the Prehominid Origins of Patriarchy,” Human Nature 8, 1 (1997): 1–49CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed, here 28; Gowaty, Patricia, “Sexual Natures: How Feminism Changed Evolutionary Biology,” Signs 28 (2003): 901–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Buss, David and Malamuth, Neil, eds., Sex, Power, Conflict: Evolutionary and Feminist Perspectives (New York, 1996)Google Scholar.

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¹¹⁵ See Parker, “Teratogenic Grid,” 60, for a clear formulation.

¹¹⁶ Williams, Roman Homosexuality.

¹¹⁷ Ibid., 193, 232; Halperin, “Forgetting Foucault,” 34, emphasizes the differences. Richlin, “Not Before Homosexuality”; Gleason, Making Men, 396–98.

¹¹⁸ Taylor, “Two Pathic Subcultures”; Richlin, “Not Before Homosexuality.”

¹¹⁹ Skinner, Sexuality in Greek and Roman Culture, 9; Parker, “Teratogenic Grid,” 60.

¹²⁰ Halperin, “Forgetting Foucault,” 26–28; Parker, “Teratogenic Grid,” 60.

¹²¹ Boswell, Same-Sex Unions; Boswell, “Categories, Experience, and Sexuality”; Boswell, Christianity; Taylor, “Two Pathic Subcultures”; Richlin, “Not Before Homosexuality.”

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¹²⁶ Brown, Peter, The Body and Society: Men, Women, and Sexual Renunciation in Early Christianity, 20th anniversary ed. (New York, 2008 [1988])Google Scholar, xxxvii.

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¹³⁶ For example, the papers in Cronk, Chagnon, and Irons, eds., Adaptation and Human Behavior; Irons, William and Chagnon, Napoleon, eds., Evolutionary Biology and Human Social Behavior: An Anthropological Perspective (North Scituate, Mass., 1979)Google Scholar.

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¹⁴⁰ Ibid., 11.

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¹⁴⁹ Low, “Complexities in Human Monogamy,” 165.

¹⁵⁰ Quinlan, Robert, “Human Pair-Bonds: Evolutionary Functions, Ecological Variation, and Adaptive Development,” Evolutionary Anthropology 17 (2008): 227–38CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Low, Bobbi, “Ecological and Socio-Cultural Impacts on Mating and Marriage Systems,” in Dunbar, Robin and Barrett, Louise, eds., Oxford Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology (Oxford, 2007), 449–62Google Scholar; Gangestad, Steven W. and Simpson, Jeffry A., “The Evolution of Human Mating: Trade-Offs and Strategic Pluralism,” Behavior and Brain Sciences 23 (2000): 573–87CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed.

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¹⁵² Scheidel, “A Peculiar Institution?,” 282–83.

¹⁵³ Scheidel, “Sex and Empire.”

¹⁵⁴ Fortunato, Laura and Archetti, Marco, “Evolution of Monogamous Marriage by Maximization of Inclusive Fitness,” Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23 (2010): 149–56CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed. Especially Fortunato, Laura, “Reconstructing the History of Marriage Strategies in Indo-European-Speaking Societies: Monogamy and Polygyny,” Human Biology 83 (2011): 87–105CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed.

¹⁵⁵ Betzig, Despotism.

¹⁵⁶ Henrich, Joseph, Boyd, Robert, and Richerson, Peter, “The Puzzle of Monogamous Marriage,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences 367 (2012): 657–69CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed.

¹⁵⁷ On Islamic polygamy, see Ali, Kecia, Marriage and Slavery in Early Islam (Cambridge, Mass., 2010)Google Scholar.

¹⁵⁸ Harper, Kyle, “The Family in Late Antiquity,” in Johnson, Scott, ed., The Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity (Oxford, 2012)Google Scholar.

¹⁵⁹ Harper, Kyle, From Shame to Sin: The Christian Transformation of Sexual Morality in Late Antiquity (Cambridge, Mass., 2013)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

¹⁶⁰ Brown, Body and Society, from an enormous bibliography.

¹⁶¹ Smail, On Deep History; Roth, Randolph, “Biology and the Deep History of Homicide,” British Journal of Criminology 51 (2011): 535–55CrossRefGoogle Scholar; see also the provocative essays in Shryock, Andrew and Smail, Daniel Lord, eds., Deep History: The Architecture of Past and Present (Berkeley, 2011)Google Scholar; and Russell, Edmund, Evolutionary History: Uniting History and Biology to Understand Life on Earth (Cambridge, 2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

¹⁶² David Sloan Wilson, “Evolution, Morality, and Human Potential,” Scher, Steven and Rauscher, Frederick, Evolutionary Psychology: Alternative Approaches (Boston, 2003)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 56.