¹ McNeill, William H., The Pursuit of Power: Technology, Armed Force, and Society since A.D. 1000 (Chicago, 1982);Google ScholarRopp, , War in the Modern World (Durham, N.C., 1959).Google Scholar

² The absence of historical surveys is evident in the comprehensive review of the literature through 1979 by Zimmerman, Ekkart, Political Violence, Crises, and Revolutions: Theories and Research (Cambridge, 1983),Google Scholar and the extensive bibliography provided by Blackey, Robert, Revolution and Revolutionists: A Comprehensive Guide to the Literature (Santa Barbara, 1982).Google Scholar

³ Hermassi, Elbaki, “Toward a Comparative Study of Revolutions,” Comparative Studies in Society and History, 18:2 (1976), 212–13;Google ScholarTilly, Charles, “Revolutions and Collective Vio lence,” in Handbook of Political Science, Greenstein, Fred I. and Polsby, Nelson, eds. (Reading, Mss., 1974), 509;Google ScholarMoore, Barrington, Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World (Boston, 1967);Google Scholar and Skocpol, Theda, States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China (Cambridge, Mass., 1979), 288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁴ Wolin, Sheldon S., “The Politics of the Study of Revolution,” Comparative Politics, 5 (1973), 348,CrossRefGoogle Scholar 353. For examples of the changing nature of revolution, see Friedland, William H. et al. , Revolutionary Theory (Totowa, N.J., 1982), 173;Google ScholarMay, Glenn A., “Why the United States Won the Philippine-American War, 1899–1902,” Pacific Historical Review, 52 (1983), 353–77,CrossRefGoogle Scholar which compares the revolutionary war in the Philippines with that in Vietnam a half century later; and Duiker, William J., The Communist Road to Power in Vietnam (Boulder, 1981), ch. 13 in particular.Google Scholar

⁵ Laqueur, Walter, “Interpretation of Terrorism: Fact, Fiction, and Political Science,” Jour nal of Contemporary History, 12 (1977), 11;Google Scholaridem., Guerrilla, : A Historical and Critical Study (Boston, 1976),Google Scholar v; and idem., Terrorism (Boston, 1977),Google Scholar ch. 3 in particular; Zagorin, Perez, Rebels and Rulers, 1500–1660 (Cambridge, 1982), 39;Google Scholar and Skocpol, , States and Social Revolu tions, xiv.Google Scholar See, for other examples,Russell, D. E. H., Rebellion, Revolution, and Armed Force: A Comparative Study of Fifteen Countries with Special Emphasis on Cuba and South Africa (New York, 1973);Google ScholarPaige, Jeffrey M., Agrarian Revolution: Social Movements and Export Agriculture in the Underdeveloped World (New York, 1975);Google Scholar and Goldstone, Jack A., “Theories of Revolu tion: The Third Generation,” World Politics, 32 (1980), 425–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁶ Palmer, R. R., The Age of Democratic Revolution: A Political History of Europe and America, 1760–1800, 2 vols. (Princeton, 1959, 1964);Google ScholarZagorin, , Rebels and Rulers;Google ScholarBillington, James H., Fire in the Minds of Men: Origins of the Revolutionary Faith (New York, 1980). The literature on revolution is immense. Although Blackey, Revolution and Revolutionists, contains over 6,000 entries, students of specific revolutions will find a number of important works that have not been included. Documentation of an historical overview such as that presented in the remainder of this essay is a truly impossible task, and no attempt will be made to provide specific citations for the material presented. It rests upon a wide variety of sources read by the author in his more than twenty years as a student and teacher of United States, Latin American, and military history.Google Scholar