Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T19:15:25.769Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Post-Soviet Treasure Hunt: Time, Space, and Necropolitics in Siberian Buddhism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 June 2011

Anya Bernstein*
Affiliation:
Anthropology, University of Michigan

Extract

In September 2002, Buddhist lamas of the Ivolginsk monastery in the post-Soviet Republic of Buryatia in southern Siberia accompanied by independent forensic experts performed an exhumation of the body of Dashi-Dorzho Itigelov, the last head lama from the time of the Russian empire, who died in 1927. The body of the lama, found in the lotus position, allegedly had not deteriorated, and soon rumors spread that the lama was alive and had returned to Buryatia, as he had promised he would. According to the stories told by senior monks, before his death Itigelov asked to have his body exhumed thirty years after. He was first exhumed in 1955 (a little short of thirty years) by his relatives and lamas, in secret for fear of being discovered by the Soviet authorities. As expected, the body was intact, so they reburied him. It was only after the final exhumation in 2002 that the lamas installed the body in a glass case in the Ivolginsk monastery, which very soon became an international and domestic sensation, with articles appearing in The New York Times, and Russian politicians and oligarchs rubbing shoulders with droves of pilgrims and tourists to catch a glimpse of the lama.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Society for the Comparative Study of Society and History 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Badueva, Nana. 2006. Chudesnaia taina roda Ulzy [Miraculous mystery of the Ulzy clan]. Inform-Polis, 8 Nov.: 8.Google Scholar
Baradiin, B. B. 1904. Dnevnik Badzara Baradiina, komandirovannogo Russkim Komitetom dlia izuchenia Srednei i Vostochnoi Azii v Zabaikal'e [Diary of Badzar Baradiin, sent to the Transbaikal by the Russian Commitee for the Study of Central and Eastern Asia]. St. Petersburg Orientalist Archive, F. 87, D. 26. St. Petersburg.Google Scholar
Basaev, Sergei. 2008. Dvorets dlia netlennogo tela [Palace for the incorruptible body]. Inform-Polis, 2 Nov. At: http://www.infpol.ru/newspaper/number.php?ELEMENT_ID=13237 (accessed May 7, 2009).Google Scholar
Benjamin, Walter. 1998. The Origin of the German Tragic Drama. Osborne, John, trans. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Bernstein, Anya. 2002. Buddhist Revival in Buryatia: Recent Perspectives. Mongolian Studies 25: 211.Google Scholar
Buck-Morss, Susan. 2000. Dreamworld and Catastrophe: The Passing of Mass Utopia in East and West. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Budaeva, L. 2006. Boginia Yanzhima: Fotoal'bom [Goddess Ianzhima: a photo album]. Ulan-Ude: NovaPrint.Google Scholar
Davidson, Ronald M. 2005. Tibetan Renaissance: Tantric Buddhism in the Rebirth of Tibetan Culture. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Edensor, Tim. 2005. Industrial Ruins: Space, Aesthetics, and Materiality. New York: Berg.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gal, Susan. 1991. Bartók's Funeral: Representations of Europe in Hungarian Political Rhetoric. American Ethnologist 18, 3: 440–58.Google Scholar
Gardner, Alexander. 2006. The Sa Chog: Violence and Veneration in a Tibetan Soil Ritual. Études Mongoles et Sibériennes, Centrasiatiques et Tibétaines 36–37: 283323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geary, Patrick. 1986. Sacred Commodities: The Circulation of Medieval Relics. In Appadurai, A ed., The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 169–95.Google Scholar
Gell, Alfred. 1998. Art and Agency. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Germano, David. 1998. Re-membering the Dismembered Body of Tibet: Contemporary Tibetan Visionary Movements in the People's Republic of China. In, Goldstein, M. C. and Kapstein, M. T., eds., Buddhism in Contemporary Tibet: Religious Revival and Cultural Identity. Berkeley: University of California Press, 5395.Google Scholar
Gyatso, Janet. 1987. Down with the Demoness: Reflections on the Feminine Ground in Tibet. Tibet Journal 12: 3853.Google Scholar
Gyatso, Janet. 1993. The Logic of Legitimation in the Tibetan Treasure Tradition. History of Religions 33, 2: 97133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gyatso, Janet. 1996. Drawn from the Tibetan Treasury: The gTer ma Literature. In Cabezón, J. I. and Jackson, R. R, eds., Tibetan Literature: Studies in Genre. New York: Snow Lion, 147–70.Google Scholar
Hamayon, Roberte N. 2002. Emblem of Minority, Substitute for Sovereignty: The Case of Buryatia. Diogenes 49, 2: 1621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, Toni. 1999. The Cult of Pure Crystal Mountain: Popular Pilgrimage and Visionary Landscape in Southeast Tibet. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kantorowicz, Ernst. 1957. The King's Two Bodies: A Study in Mediaeval Political Theology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Lopez, Donald S. 1997. Introduction. In Lopez, D. S., ed., Religions of Tibet in Practice. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 339.Google Scholar
Makhachkeev, Aleksandr. 2004a. Buddiiskie sokrovishcha v Khorinske [Buddhist treasures in Khorinsk]. InformPolis, 3 Mar. At: http://www.infpol.ru/newspaper/number.php?ELEMENT_ID=2864 (accessed 7 May 2009).Google Scholar
Makhachkeev, Aleksandr. 2004b. Prezident i Khambo Lama poshli na sblizhenie [President and Khambo Lama started the rapprochement]. Inform-Polis, 22 Dec.: 6.Google Scholar
Makhachkeev, Aleksandr. 2004c. MVD i lamy: konflikt ischerpan [MVD and lamas: conflict is over]. Inform-Polis, 29 Dec. At: http://www.infpol.ru/newspaper/number.php?ELEMENT_ID=3415 (accessed 7 May 2009).Google Scholar
Makhachkeev, Aleksandr. 2005. Naidena unikal'naia kniga Itigelova [A unique book by Itigelov has been found]. Inform-Polis, 6 Apr.: 5.Google Scholar
Makhachkeev, Aleksandr. 2008a. Voprosy k ierarchu [Questions to the hierarch]. MK v Buriatii, 26 Mar. At: http://mk.burnet.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1663&Itemid=12, (accessed 7 May 2009).Google Scholar
Makhachkeev, Aleksandr. 2008b. Buddy i sablia [The buddhas and a sword]. MK v Buriatii, 3 Dec. At: http://mk.burnet.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2348&Itemid=12#comment-847 (accessed 9 May 2009).Google Scholar
Makhachkeev, Aleksandr. 2009. Nevyezdnoi Itigelov [Itigelov's travel banned]. Inform-Polis, 3 June. At: http://www.infpol.ru/news/number.php?dd=1243999800&ELEMENT_ID=20100&PAGEN_2=2 (accessed 4 June 2009).Google Scholar
Makley, Charlene. 2007. The Violence of Liberation: Gender and Tibetan Buddhist Revival in Post-Mao China. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Mueggler, Erik. 2001. The Age of Wild Ghosts: Memory, Violence, and Place in Southwest China. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Sanzhikhaeva, Zhanna. 2004. Vechera na khutore bliz Alari [Evenings on a farm near Alar']. Inform-Polis, 11 Aug.: 27.Google Scholar
Schönle, Andreas. 2006. Ruins and History: Observation on Russian Approaches to Destruction and Decay. Slavic Review 65, 4: 649–69.Google Scholar
Schopen, Gregory. 1990. The Buddha as an Owner of Property and Permanent Resident in Medieval Indian Monasteries. Journal of Indian Philosophy 18: 181217.Google Scholar
Slezkine, Yuri. 1994. Arctic Mirrors: Russia and the Small Peoples of the North. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Stewart, Charles. 2003. Dreams of Treasure: Temporality, Historicization and the Unconscious. Anthropological Theory 3, 4: 481500.Google Scholar
Stoler, Laura Ann. 2008. Imperial Debris: Reflections on Ruins and Ruination. Cultural Anthropology 23, 2: 191219.Google Scholar
Strathern, Marilyn. 1990. The Gender of the Gift: Problems with Women and Problems with Society in Melanesia. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Strong, John S. 2004. Relics of the Buddha. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tambiah, Stanley. 1984. The Buddhist Saints of the Forest and the Cult of Amulets. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Terrone, Antonio. 2008. Tibetan Buddhism Beyond the Monastery: Revelation and Identity in Rnying Ma Communities of Present Day Kham. In Esposito, M, ed., Images of Tibet in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Paris: École française d'Extrème-Orient, 747–79.Google Scholar
Todorova, Maria N. 2009. Bones of Contention: The Living Archives of Vasil Levski and the Making of Bulgaria's National Hero. Budapest: Central European University Press.Google Scholar
Tumarkin, Nina. 1997. Lenin Lives! The Lenin Cult in Soviet Russia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Ukaz Prezidenta, RF. 2000. O kontseptsii natsional'noi bezopasnosti Rossiiskoi Federatsii, 10 January 2000 [President's edict on national security]. At: http://www.ln.mid.ru/dip_vest.nsf/99b2ddc4f717c733c32567370042ee43/83162ad8bc89e61ec32568cc00253b6c?OpenDocument (accessed 7 Mar. 2009).Google Scholar
Verdery, Katherine. 1999. The Political Lives of Dead Bodies: Reburial and Postsocialist Change. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Zhukovskaia, N. L. 1997. Buddizm v Buriatii: problemy i perspektivy [Buddhism in Buryatia: problems and perspectives]. Issledovaniia po prikladnoi i neotlozhnoi etnologii 104: 117.Google Scholar