Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T18:45:36.401Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Efficient Operator Marching Method for Analyzing Crossed Arrays of Cylinders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 November 2015

Yu Mao Wu
Affiliation:
Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves (MoE), School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ya Yan Lu*
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
*
*Corresponding author. Email addresses: [email protected] (Y. M. Wu), [email protected] (Y. Y. Lu)
Get access

Abstract

Periodic structures involving crossed arrays of cylinders appear as special three-dimensional photonic crystals and cross-stacked gratings. Such a structure consists of a number of layers where each layer is periodic in one spatial direction and invariant in another direction. They are relatively simple to fabricate and have found valuable applications. For analyzing scattering properties of such structures, general computational electromagnetics methods can certainly be used, but special methods that take advantage of the geometric features are often much more efficient. In this paper, an efficient method based on operators mapping electromagnetic field components between two spatial directions is developed to analyze structures with crossed arrays of circular cylinders. The method is much simpler than an earlier method based on similar ideas, and it does not require evaluating slowly converging lattice sums.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Global-Science Press 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

[1]Petit, R., Electromagnetic Theory of Gratings, Springer-Verlag, 1980.Google Scholar
[2]Bao, G., Cowsar, L. and Masters, W., Mathematical Modeling in Optical Science, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Philadelphia, 2001.Google Scholar
[3]Nevière, M. and Popov, E., Light Propagation in Periodic Media, Marcel Dekker, Inc. 2003.Google Scholar
[4]Joannopoulos, J. D., Johnson, S. G., Winn, J. N., and Meade, R. D., Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, 2nd ed., Princeton Uiversity Press, 2008.Google Scholar
[5]Cai, W. and Shalaev, V., Optical Metamaterials: Fundamentals and Applications, Springer, 2010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6]Ho, K. M., Chan, C. T., Soukoulis, C. M., Biswas, R., and Sigalas, M., Photonic band gaps in three dimensions: New layer-by-layer periodic structures, Solid State Communications, 89 (1994), 413416.Google Scholar
[7]Sözüer, H. S. and Dowling, J. P., Photonic band calculations for woodpile structures, J. Mod. Opt., 41 (1994), 231239.Google Scholar
[8]Zhao, D., Yang, H., Ma, Z., and Zhou, W., Polarization independent broadband reflectors based on cross-stacked gratings, Opt. Express, 19 (2011), 90509055.Google Scholar
[9]Dobson, D. C. and Friedman, A., The time harmonic Maxwell equations in a doubly periodic structure, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 166 (1992), 507528.Google Scholar
[10]Dobson, D. C., A variational method for electromagnetic diffraction in biperiodic structures, Modél. Math. Anal. Numbér, 28 (1994), 419439.Google Scholar
[11]Bao, G., A variational approximation of maxwell's equations in biperiodic structures, SIAM J. Appl. Math., 57 (1997), 364381.Google Scholar
[12]Bao, G. and Dobson, D. C., On the scattering by a biperiodic structure, Proc. AMS, 128 (2000), 27152723.Google Scholar
[13]Jin, J. M., The Finite Element Method in Electromagnetics, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, 2002.Google Scholar
[14]Monk, P., Finite Element Methods for Maxwell's Equations, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2003.Google Scholar
[15]Bao, G., Chen, Z. M., and Wu, H. J., Adaptive finite-element method for diffraction gratings, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 22 (2005), 11061114.Google Scholar
[16]Bao, G., Li, P., and Wu, H. J., An adaptive edge element method with perfectly matched absorbing layers for wave scattering by biperiodic structures, Mathematics of Computation, 79 (2010), 134.Google Scholar
[17]Smith, G. H., Botten, L. C., McPhedran, R. C., and Nicorovici, N. A., Cylinder gratings in conical incidence with applications to woodpile structures, Phys. Rev. E, 67 (2003), 056620. (2003).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[18]Yasumoto, K. and Jia, H., Electromagnetic scattering from multilayered crossed-arrays of circular cylinders, Proceedings of SPIE, 5445 (2004), 200205.Google Scholar
[19]Borwein, J. M., Glasser, M. L., McPhedran, R. C., Wan, J. G., and Zucker, I. J., Lattice Sums Then and Now, Cambridge University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
[20]Wu, Y. and Lu, Y. Y., Dirichlet-to-Neumann map method for analyzing crossed arrays of circular cylinders, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 26 (2009), 19841993.Google Scholar
[21]Maystre, D., A new general integral equation theory for dielectric coated gratings, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 68 (1978), 490495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[22]Maystre, D., Electromagnetic study of photonic band gaps, Pure Appl. Opt., 3 (1994), 975993.Google Scholar
[23]Li, L., Formulation and comparison of two recursive matrix algorithms for modeling layered diffraction gratings, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A, 13 (1996), 10241035.Google Scholar
[24]Lu, Y. Y. and McLaughlin, J. R., The Riccati method for the Helmholtz equation, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 100 (1996), 14321446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25]Lu, Y. Y., Some techniques for computing wave propagation in optical waveguides, Communications in Computational Physics, 1 (2006), 10561075.Google Scholar
[26]Hu, Z. and Lu, Y. Y., Improved Dirichlet-to-Neumann map method for modeling extended photonic crystal devices, Optical and Quantum Electronics, 40 (2008), 921932.Google Scholar
[27]Goray, L. and Schmidt, G., Analysis of two-dimensional photonic band gaps of any rod shape and conductivity using a conical-integral-equation method, Phys. Rev. E, 85 (2012), 036701.Google Scholar
[28]Schmidt, G., Conical diffraction by multilayer gratings: A recursive integral equation approach, Applications of Mathematics, 58 (2013), 279307.Google Scholar
[29]Wu, Y. and Lu, Y. Y., Dirichlet-to-Neumann map method for analyzing periodic arrays of cylinders with oblique incident waves, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 26 (2009), 14421449.Google Scholar
[30]Gander, M. J., Magoulès, F., and Nataf, F., Optimized Schwarz methods without overlap for the Helmholtz equation, SIAM J. Sci. Comput., 24 (2002), 3860.Google Scholar
[31]Ehrhardt, M., Sun, J., and Zheng, C., Evaluation of scattering operator for semi-infinite periodic arrays, Commun. Math. Sci., 7 (2009), 347364.Google Scholar