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A 3D Multi-Phase Hydrodynamic Model for Cytokinesis of Eukaryotic Cells

Part of: Mathematical modeling, applications of mathematics Two-phase and multiphase flows Physiological, cellular and medical topics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2016

Jia Zhao  and
Qi Wang
Jia Zhao
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Qi Wang*
Affiliation:
Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, P.R. China. Department of Mathematics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. School of Mathematics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China.
*
*Corresponding author. Email addresses: [email protected] (J. Zhao), [email protected] (Q.Wang)
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Abstract

In the late stage of the mitotic cycle of eukaryotic cells, cytokinesis ensues during which a parent cell replicates its nucleus with the necessary genetical substances (i.e., DNAs and chromosomes) and splits into two similar offspring cells. This mitotic process involves complex chemical, biophysical andmechanical processes whose details are just beginning to be unfolded experimentally. In this paper, we propose a full 3-D hydrodynamical model using a phase field approach to study the cellular morphological change during cytokinesis. In this model, the force along the contracting ring induced by remodeling of actin-myosin filament on cell cortex layer at the division plane of the parent cell during cytokinesis, is approximated using a proxy force anchored on the newly formed nuclei. The symmetric or asymmetric cell division is simulated numerically with the model. Our numerical results show that the location of the division plane and the contracting force along the cytokinetic ring on the division plane are essential for the cell division. In addition, our numerical study also shows that, during cytokinesis, surface tension of the cell membrane also contributes to this process by retaining the morphological integrity of the offspring cells. This model and the accompanying numerical simulation tool provide a solid framework to build upon with more sophisticated whole cell models to probe the cell mitotic process.

Keywords

Cell biologymathematical modelmulti-phase field

MSC classification

Secondary: 92C37: Cell biology 97M10: Modeling and interdisciplinarity 76T30: Three or more component flows
Type
Research Article
Information
Communications in Computational Physics , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , March 2016 , pp. 663 - 681
Copyright
Copyright © Global-Science Press 2016 

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