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Magnetic resonance imaging markers of suicide attempt and suicide risk in adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2015

Petra C. Martin ,
Thomas J. Zimmer  and
Lisa A. Pan
Petra C. Martin
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry
Thomas J. Zimmer
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry
Lisa A. Pan*
Affiliation:
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry
*
*Address for correspondence: Lisa Pan, University of Pittsburgh SOM/WPIC, 3811 O'Hara Street, 100 N. Bellefield Ave., Room 320, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

More than 36,000 people in the United States die from suicide annually, and suicide is the third leading cause of death in adolescence. Adolescence is a time of high risk for suicidal behavior, as well as a time that intervention and treatment may have the greatest impact because of structural brain changes and significant psychosocial development during this period. Functional and structural neuroimaging studies in adults who have attempted suicide suggest distinct gray matter volume abnormalities in cortical regions, as well as prefrontal cortical and dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus neural circuitry differences compared with affective and healthy adult controls. Recent functional neuroimaging studies in adolescents with a history of suicide attempt suggest differences in the attention and salience networks compared with adolescents with depression and no history of suicide attempt and healthy controls when viewing angry faces. In contrast, no abnormalities are seen in these areas in the absence of emotional stimuli. These networks may represent promising targets for future neuroimaging studies to identify markers of risk for future suicide attempt in adolescents.

Keywords

Adolescentdepressionneuroimagingsalience networksuicide
Type
Review Articles
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 20 , Special Issue 4: Pediatric Neuroimaging , August 2015 , pp. 355 - 358
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2015 

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