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Emotional distress, brain functioning, and biobehavioral processes in cancer patients: a neuroimaging review and future directions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 April 2019

Joaquim C. Reis Open the ORCID record for Joaquim C. Reis [Opens in a new window] ,
Michael H. Antoni  and
Luzia Travado
Joaquim C. Reis*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
Michael H. Antoni
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA Cancer Control Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
Luzia Travado
Affiliation:
Psycho-oncology, Champalimaud Clinical and Research Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
*
*Address correspondence to: Joaquim C. Reis 0000-0003-0737-0955, Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Despite emerging evidence that distress and adversity can contribute to negative health outcomes in cancer, little is known about the brain networks, regions, or circuits that can contribute to individual differences in affect/distress states and health outcomes in treated cancer patients. To understand the state-of-the-science in this regard, we reviewed neuroimaging studies with cancer patients that examined the associations between negative affect (distress) and changes in the metabolism or structure of brain regions. Cancer patients showed changes in function and/or structure of key brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, cingulate cortex (mainly subgenual area), hypothalamus, basal ganglia (striatum and caudate), and insula, which are associated with greater anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and distress. These results provide insights for understanding the effects of these psychological and emotional factors on peripheral stress-related biobehavioral pathways known to contribute to cancer progression and long-term health outcomes. This line of work provides leads for understanding the brain-mediated mechanisms that may explain the health effects of psychosocial interventions in cancer patients and survivors. A multilevel and integrated model for distress management intervention effects on psychological adaptation, biobehavioral processes, cancer pathogenesis, and clinical outcomes is proposed for future research.

Keywords

Brain functioningcancer biobehavioral modelemotional distressneuroimagingstress-related biobehavioral pathways and cancer progression
Type
Review
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , February 2020 , pp. 79 - 100
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019

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Footnotes

This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia in the framework of the project Distress and regional brain metabolism: a correlational study in metastatic breast cancer patients. PTDC/MHC-PSC/3897/2014, and through funding from the National Cancer Institute (CA064710, HHSN261200800001E), Florida Department of Health (6BC06), and the University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center.

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