Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T06:57:07.619Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

X-Ray Identification of One-Layer Illite Varieties: Application to the Study of Illites Around Uranium Deposits of Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

V. A. Drits ,
F. Weber ,
A. L. Salyn  and
S. I. Tsipursky
V. A. Drits
Affiliation:
Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 7 Pyzhevsky per., 109017, Moscow, Russia
F. Weber
Affiliation:
Centre de Geochimie de la Surface, 1 rue Blessing, 67084, Strasbourg, France
A. L. Salyn
Affiliation:
Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 7 Pyzhevsky per., 109017, Moscow, Russia
S. I. Tsipursky
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Structural and diffraction criteria for distinguishing between t-1M, c-1M, m-1M, and 3T illite varieties are described. The t-1M illite corresponds to a one-layer monoclinic structure with vacant transsites. The c-1M illite has vacant cis-octahedra forming one of two symmetrically independent point systems; the other cis-octahedra as well as the trans-octahedra are occupied; and the m-1M illite corresponds to the structure in which cations are statistically distributed over available trans- and cis-sites. For t-1M, c-1M, and m-1M, the values of |c cos β/a| are equal to 0.39–0.41, 0.29–0.31, and 0.333, respectively. Application of these criteria demonstrates that illite samples described in the literature as the 3T polytype usually are c-1M instead. The relatively common occurrence of c-1M illite in association with t-1M and 2M1 polytypes has been recognized in illite from hydrothermal alterations around uranium deposits located in the Athabasca basement (Saskatchewan, Canada). The c-1M illite from these deposits was previously described as 3T one.

Keywords

Hydrothermal alterationIlliteOctahedral cation distributionPolytypeUranium depositsVacant cis-sitesVacant trans-sites
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 41 , Issue 3 , June 1993 , pp. 389 - 398
Copyright
Copyright © 1993, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Bailey, S. W., 1966 Status of clay minerals Clays & Clay Minerals 14 1 – 23 10.1346/CCMN.1966.0140101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, S. W. and Bailey, S. W., 1984 Crystal chemistry of the true mica Micas, Reviews in Mineralogy 13 – 60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, L. S., 1977 History of uranium exploration in Saskatchewan with special reference to changing ideas on metalogenesis Uranium in Saskatchewan 3 1 – 10.Google Scholar
Bloch, A. M., Zhukhlistov, A. P. and Zvyagin, B. B., 1990 Centrosymmetric and noncentrosymmetric sericites in the Upper Devonian of the Tuva Abstracts of the 15th General IMA Meeting, Beijing, China 1 297.Google Scholar
Brindley, G. W. and Brown, G., 1980 Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification London Mineralogical Society 2 – 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drits, V. A., 1987 Electron Diffraction and High Resolution Electron Microscopy of Mineral Structures Heidelberg Springer Verlag 10.1007/978-3-642-71729-1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drits, V. A., Plançon, A., Sakharov, B. A., Besson, G., Tsipursky, S. I. and Tchoubar, C., 1984 Diffraction effects calculated for structural models of K-saturated montmorillonite containing different types of defects Clay Miner. 19 541 – 562 10.1180/claymin.1984.019.4.03.Google Scholar
Drits, V. A. and Tchoubar, C., 1990 X-ray diffraction by disordered lamellar structures: Theory and application to microdivided silicates and carbons Heidelberg Springer Verlag 10.1007/978-3-642-74802-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ey, F., 1984 Un exemple de gisement d’uranium sous discordance: les mineralisations proterozoiques de Cluff Lake, Saskatchewan, Canada Strasbourg 1 Thèse Spec, Université Louis Pasteur.Google Scholar
Ey, F., Gauthier-Lafaye, F., Lillie, F. and Weber, F., 1985 A uranium unconformity deposit: The geological setting of the D ore-body (Saskatchewan, Canada) The Carswell Structure Uranium Deposits, Saskatchewan 29 121 – 138.Google Scholar
Frey, M. and Frey, M., 1987 Very low grade metamorphism of clastic sedimentary rocks Low temperature metamorphism Glasgow Blackie 9 – 58.Google Scholar
Gavrilov, Y. O. and Tsipursky, S. I., 1987 Clay minerals from low- and middle-Jurassic deposits of different structural and facial zones of the central Caucasus Lithology and Raw Materials 6 57 – 72.Google Scholar
Guiddotti, C. V., 1984 Micas in metamorphic rocks Micas 13 357 – 456 10.1515/9781501508820-014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halter, G., 1988 Zonalite des alterations dans l’environement des gisements d’uranium associés à la discordance du Protérozoique moyen (Saskatchewan, Canada) Strasbourg-1 Thèse doctoral, Université Louis Pasteur.Google Scholar
Lonker, S. W. and Gerald, J. D., 1990 Formation of coexisting IM and 2M polytypes in illite from an active hydrothermal system Amer. Mineral 15 1282 – 1289.Google Scholar
Mering, J. and Oberlin, A., 1967 Electron-optical study of smectites Clays & Clay Minerals 15 3 – 25 10.1346/CCMN.1967.0150102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pagel, M. and Svab, M., 1985 Petrographic and geochemical variations with the Carswell structure metamorphic core and their implications with respect to uranium mineralization The Carswell Structure Uranium Deposits of Saskatchewan 29 55 – 70.Google Scholar
Salyn, A. L., 1988 X-ray diffraction quantitative phase analysis of polytype and polymorph mixture Moscow Moscow State University.Google Scholar
Sakharov, B. A., Besson, G., Drits, V. A., Kameneva, M. Y., Salyn, A. L. and Smolyar, B. B., 1990 X-ray study of the nature of stacking faults in the structure of glauconites Clay Miner. 25 419 – 435 10.1180/claymin.1990.025.4.02.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srodon, J. and Eberl, D. D., 1984 Illite Micas 13 495 – 544 10.1515/9781501508820-016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsipursky, S. I. and Drits, V. A., 1984 The distribution of octahedral cations in the 2:1 layers of dioctahedral smectites studied by oblique texture electron diffraction Clay Miner. 19 177 – 192 10.1180/claymin.1984.019.2.05.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warshaw, C. M., 1959 Experimental studies of illites Clays & Clay Minerals 7 303 – 316 10.1346/CCMN.1958.0070121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoder, H. S. and Eugster, H. P., 1955 Synthetic and natural muscovites Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 8 225 – 280 10.1016/0016-7037(55)90001-6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhukhlistov, A. P. and Zvyagin, B. B., 1991 The efficiency of electron diffraction in revealing 2:1 layers differing in structures and symmetry found in dioctahedral mica and smectites Proceedings of the 7th Euroclay Conference, Dresden, 1991 1211 – 1212.Google Scholar
Zvyagin, B. B., 1967 Electron diffraction analysis of clay mineral structures New York Plenum Press 10.1007/978-1-4615-8612-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zvyagin, B. B., Rabotnov, V. T., Sidorenko, O. V. and Kotelnikov, D. D., 1985 Unique mica from noncentrosymmetric layers Izvestiya Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol. 35 121 – 124.Google Scholar