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Weathering of Chlorite and Vermiculite in Ultramafic Rocks of Cabo Ortegal, Northwestern Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

P. Buurman ,
E. L. Meijer  and
J. H. van Wijck
P. Buurman
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science and Geology, Agricultural University, P.O. Box 37, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
E. L. Meijer
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science and Geology, Agricultural University, P.O. Box 37, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
J. H. van Wijck*
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science and Geology, Agricultural University, P.O. Box 37, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
*
2Present address: Technical Centre for the Ceramic Industry, P.O. Box 40, 6994 ZG De Steeg, The Netherlands
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Abstract

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Chloritic veins in serpentinite and their weathering products were analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Chlorite formed during the Hercynian-age orogenesis had apparently been partly transformed to high-charge vermiculite during subsequent metamorphism of the rocks. The idealized structural formulae for these minerals are (Al1.9Fe3+0.2Fe2+0.4Mg9.2Cr0.2)(Si5.8Al2.2)O20(OH)16 and X1.3(Fe3+0.7Fe2+0.1Mg5.2Ni0.1)(Si5.8Al2.2)O20(OH)4, respectively. This transformation appears to have taken place by the removal of the hydroxy-interlayer from the chlorite without major effect on the rest of the structure. It is not clear whether other hydroxy-interlayered vermiculites containing less tetrahedral aluminum were intermediate weathering products or inherited minerals. The ultimate weathering product of chlorite and vermiculites was a Fe3+-rich smectite, which probably formed by precipitation from solution.

Keywords

ChloriteHydroxy-AlSerpentiniteSmectiteVermiculiteWeatheringX-ray powder diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , June 1988 , pp. 263 - 269
Copyright
Copyright © 1988, The Clay Minerals Society

Footnotes

1

Publication No. 926 of the Department of Soil Science and Geology.

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