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Swelling of Formamide-Montmorillonite Complexes in Polar Liquids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Masanobu Onikata ,
Mitsuji Kondo  and
Shoji Yamanaka
Masanobu Onikata
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Applied Clay Technology (LACT), Hojun Kogyo Co., Ltd., 1433-1 Haraichi, Annaka, Gunma 379-0133, Japan
Mitsuji Kondo
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Applied Clay Technology (LACT), Hojun Kogyo Co., Ltd., 1433-1 Haraichi, Annaka, Gunma 379-0133, Japan
Shoji Yamanaka
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
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Abstract

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A new osmotic-swelling system for montmorillonite with formamide (FA) is described. Water and a variety of polar organic liquids were used to swell FA-montmorillonite complexes. The post-swelling behavior of the complex is interpreted in terms of the bi-functionality of FA as an electron donor/acceptor and the magnitude of the donor number (DN) of the polar liquid relative to that of FA. The FA-montmorillonite complex shows limited swelling of d(001) <2.3 nm for polar liquids with DNs larger than that of FA. In contrast, the FA-montmorillonite complex shows osmotic swelling when the DN of the polar liquid is smaller than that of FA.

Keywords

Donor NumberFormamideMontmorilloniteOsmotic SwellingPolar LiquidsSwelling
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 5 , October 1999 , pp. 678 - 681
Copyright
Copyright © 1999, The Clay Minerals Society

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