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Stress-Induced Alteration of Sudoite: Structural and Chemical Modifications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

María Dolores Ruiz Cruz ,
María Dolores Rodríguez Ruiz  and
Carlos Sanz de Galdeano
María Dolores Ruiz Cruz*
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
María Dolores Rodríguez Ruiz
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain
Carlos Sanz de Galdeano
Affiliation:
Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra, CSIC-Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Ciencias, 18071 Granada, Spain
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the structural and chemical modifications of phyllosilicates that occur under natural conditions, using the progressive deformation of chlorite (sudoite) present in quartz-rich veins from the Internal Zone of the Rif range (Morocco) as the model system. Signs of chlorite deformation include kinks, chevron-like folds, and fractures. The samples also contain later, undeformed grains, which sealed the fractures or grew with (001) perpendicular to the compressive stress. Deformation-induced structural changes consist mainly of basal cleavages associated with ordered replacement of brucite sheets by hydrated layers, thus leading to irregular microdomains of mixed-layer chlorite-vermiculite and sudoite. Such structural modifications represent a mechanism for accommodating the compressive stress. Structural changes were accompanied by minor chemical ones, which lead from di,tri-chlorite (sudoite) to phases with a more trioctahedral character (mixed-layer chlorite-vermiculite). The hydration reaction occurred throughout a topotactic replacement of the pre-existing sudoite grains. Later, undeformed grains consist of mixed-layer chlorite-vermiculite intergrown with retrogressive kaolinite and minor Fe oxide, and are interpreted as having formed through a dissolution-precipitation process, during deformation. Retrogression of sudoite probably occurred during the latest stage of exhumation, in low-temperature conditions.

Keywords

Chlorite-vermiculiteClinochloreDeformationMixed-layerSEMSudoiteTEM-AEM
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 58 , Issue 1 , February 2010 , pp. 21 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2010

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