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State and Location of Water Adsorbed on Clay Minerals: Consequences of the Hydration and Swelling-Shrinkage Phenomena

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

R. Prost ,
T. Koutit ,
A. Benchara  and
E. Huard
R. Prost
Affiliation:
Station de Science du Sol, INRA, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78000 Versailles, France
T. Koutit
Affiliation:
Station de Science du Sol, INRA, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78000 Versailles, France
A. Benchara
Affiliation:
Station de Science du Sol, INRA, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78000 Versailles, France
E. Huard
Affiliation:
Station de Science du Sol, INRA, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78000 Versailles, France
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Abstract

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The application of the Frenkel-Halsey-Hill (FHH) formalism to the water desorption isotherms obtained for the whole range of the activity of water with the pressure membrane device (0.98 < aw < 1) and with the desiccator (0 < aw < 0.98) gives information concerning the nature and the relative importance of the 2 mechanisms involved in the dehydration—hydration processes: adsorption and capillary condensation. The state and location of water are described in each domain. An equation that gives the thickness t of the film of water adsorbed on the walls of pores versus the activity of water is developed. This t-curve is used to get, from the desorption isotherm, the pore size distribution curve of the studied hydrated materials. Then concepts of surface and fabric of clay pastes are discussed as a function of hydration and a mechanism is proposed to explain swelling and shrinkage of finely divided materials. Three kinds of surfaces, related to the aggregate fabric, are defined as a function of their capacity to adsorb water. Each kind of surface is determined by a specific technique: the total surface area (St) by ethylene glycol adsorption, the external surface area of particles (Ss) by nitrogen adsorption and the external surface area of aggregates (Se) by hydraulic conductivity measurements. As a consequence it is only with completely dispersed clays that swelling is a function of St. With unwell-dispersed clays, water adsorption, which induces swelling, successively occurs on St, Ss and Se surfaces.

Keywords

Clay Paste FabricHydrationState and Location of WaterSwelling and Shrinkage Mechanismst-Curve
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 46 , Issue 2 , April 1998 , pp. 117 - 131
Copyright
Copyright © 1998, The Clay Minerals Society

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