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Sorption of Trace Constituents from Aqueous Solutions Onto Secondary Minerals. I. Uranium

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

L. L. Ames ,
J. E. McGarrah  and
B. A. Walker
L. L. Ames
Affiliation:
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
J. E. McGarrah
Affiliation:
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
B. A. Walker
Affiliation:
Battelle, Pacific Northwest Laboratories, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
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Abstract

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Well-characterized American Petroleum Institute clay standards, source clays from The Clay Minerals Society, and other secondary minerals were used to determine the effects of U concentration, temperature, and solution composition on U-sorption properties. Uranium concentrations ranged from about 1.00 × 10−4 M to 4.00 × 10−7 M, temperatures from 5° to 65°C and solution compositions containing 0.01 M NaCl and 0.01 M NaHCO3. Silica gel efficiently sorbed uranyl carbonate anion complexes. The higher cation-exchange capacity materials most readily sorbed uranyl ions from the 0.01 M NaCl solution. Temperature increases tended to affect uranyl ion sorption adversely except when the U was present as carbonate complexes. Noncrystalline ferric oxyhydroxides sorbed uranyl ions much more efficiently than any of the secondary crystalline minerals studied. A method for accurately extrapolating U-sorption efficiencies between experimental points based on the Freundlich equation is presented.

Резюме

Резюме

Хорошо схарактеризованные образцы стандартных глии из Американского Нефтяного Института, образцовые глины из Общества по Глинистым минералам и другие вторичные минералы использовались для определения влияния концентрации урана, температуры и состава раствора на свойства сорбции урана. Концентрации урана находились в диапазоне от около 1,00 x 10~4 M до 4,00 x 10~7 М, температуры изменялись от 5° до 65°С и растворы содержали 0,01 M NaCl и 0,01 M NaHC03. Кремнеземный гель хффективно сорбировал анионные комплексы уранилового карбоната. Минералы с повышенной катионо-обменной способностью наиболее охотно сорбировали ураниловые ионы их 0,01 M раствора NaCl. Увеличение температуры влияло обратнопропорционально на сорбцию ураниловых ионов, за исключением случая, когда U присутствовал в виде карбонатных комплексов. Некристаллические железные гидроокиси сорбировали ураниловые ионы более эффективно, чем все иввледованные вторичные кристаллические минералы. Представлен, разработанный на основе уравнения фрейндлиха, метод для точной экстраполяции эффективности сорбции U между экспериментальными точками. [E.G.]

Resümee

Resümee

Gut bestimmte Tonstandards des American Petroleum Institute und der Clay Minerals Society sowie andere sekundäre Minerale wurden verwendet, um die Auswirkungen der U-Konzentration, der Temperatur und der Lösungszusammensetzung auf die U-Adsorption zu bestimmen. Die U-Konzentra-tionen reichten von etwa 1,00 × 10−4 M bis 4,00 × 10−7 M, die Temperatur von 5° bis 65°C. Die Lösungszusammensetzung war 0,01 M NaCl und 0,01 M NaHCO3. Silikagel adsorbierte Uranylkarbonatanionenkomplexe sehr gut. Die Substanzen mit höherer Kationenaustauschkapazität adsorbierten sehr leicht Uranylionen aus der 0,01 M NaCl-Lösung. Ein Temperaturanstieg zeigte einen negativen Effekt auf die Uranyladsorption, außer das U war in Form eines Karbonatkomplexes vorhanden. Nichtkristalline Eisenoxyhydroxide adsorbierten Uranylionen viel wirksamer als alle andere untersuchte sekundäre kristalline Minerale. Es wird eine Methode zur genauen Extrapolation zwischen experimentell bestimmten Punkten der U-Adsorptionseffizienz angegeben, die auf der Freundlich-Gleichung beruht. [U.W.]

Résumé

Résumé

Des standards d'argile bien caracterisés de l'American Petroleum Institute, des argiles de source du Clay Minerals Society, et d'autres minéraux secondaires ont été employés pour déterminer les effets de la concentration d'U, de la température, et de la composition de la solution sur les propriétés de la sorption d'U. Les concentrations d'uranium s’étageaient d’à peu près 1,00 × 10−4 à 4,00 × 10−7 M, les températures de 5°C à 65°C et les compositions des solutions contenant 0,01 M NaCl et 0,001 M NaHCO3. Le gel de silice a sorbé de manière efficace les complexes anion de carbonate uranyl. Les matériaux ayant la capacité d’échange de cations la plus elevée ont sorbé le plus facilement les ions uranyls de la solution 0,01 M NaCl. Des augmentations de température tendaient à affecter adversément la sorption de l'ion uranyl, sauf lorsque l'U était présent en tant que complexes carbonates. Des oxyhydrides ferriques non-cristallins ont sorbé les ions uranyls de manière beaucoup plus efficace qu'aucun des minéraux cristalline secondaires étudies. Une méthode est présentée pour extrapoler précisement les efficacités de sorption d'U entre des points expérimentaux basée sur l’équation de Freundlich. [D.J.]

Keywords

Cation exchangeClinoptiloliteFreundlich isothermGlauconiteIlliteMontmorilloniteOpalSorptionUranium
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 31 , Issue 5 , October 1983 , pp. 321 - 334
Copyright
Copyright © 1983, The Clay Minerals Society

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