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Rheological Behavior of Na-Montmorillonite Suspensions at Low Electrolyte Concentration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

J. S. Chen ,
J. H. Cushman  and
P. F. Low
J. S. Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
J. H. Cushman
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
P. F. Low*
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
*
1Corresponding author.
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Abstract

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The prevailing concept that positive-edge to negative-face attraction accounts for the rheological behavior of montmorillonite suspensions at low electrolyte concentration was investigated. In one experiment, Mg2+ released from Na-montmorillonite was measured at several NaCl concentrations; in a second experiment, the viscosity, η, and the extrapolated shear stress, θ, were measured at several clay concentrations, pHs, and NaCl concentrations; and in a third experiment, the absorbance, A, was measured at two wavelengths (450 and 760 nm) at different clay and electrolyte concentrations. The released Mg2+ decreased with increasing NaCl concentration until it became zero at a NaCl concentration between 0.01 and 0.02 M, depending on pH. Thereafter, it increased with increasing NaCl concentration. Both θ and η were highly correlated with the amount of released Mg2+. Also, A remained constant until the NaCl concentration corresponded to that at the minimum of θ. Thereafter, it increased and became linearly related to θ. These results suggest: (1) positive-edge to negative-face interaction cannot solely account for the rheological properties of montmorillonite at low electrolyte concentration, and (2) the release of octahedral Mg2+ from montmorillonite affects θ, because it reduces the negative charge on the particles and, thereby, the repulsive force between them.

Keywords

ElectrolyteMontmorilloniteParticle attractionRheologyShearViscosity
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 1 , February 1990 , pp. 57 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © 1990, The Clay Minerals Society

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