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Reply to Comment by Marion Wampler on Clauer et al., 2022

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Norbert Clauer*
Affiliation:
Institut des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Environnement de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg (UdS/CNRS), 67084, Strasbourg, France
Lynda B. Williams
Affiliation:
School of Earth & Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
I. Tonguç Uysal
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Istanbul-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Abstract

Type
Letter
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Clay Minerals Society 2022

The present reply will strictly and only focus on the general logic of boron and lithium isotopic studies of clay minerals. Our goal was always and still is to obtain coherent interpretations of the crystal chemical changes reflected in different size fractions of clay separates from volcano-clastic sediments, as records of exchanges with changing fluids commonly occurring in hydrocarbon-bearing basins.

The main reason for studying these light elements is that each substitutes in different crystallographic sites of illite-smectite structures. Thus, when smectite layers recrystallize into illite, the changing fluids are theoretically equilibrated with specific crystallographic sites of the minerals as the crystals grow. Measuring isotopic B and Li, as well as other compositions of individual illite layers in a dominant smectite matrix is not possible as it requires an angstrom-level spatial resolution and would not provide enough atoms for statistically significant measurements. However, the study criticized here, and previous ones (referenced in the opposing comment) have shown that it is possible: (1) to measure these light isotopes on nanometric illite-smectite size fractions; (2) to “localize” them in the clay structures by NMR (Clauer et al., Reference Clauer, Williams, Lemarchand, Florian and Honty2018); and (3) to trace isotopic signatures showing significant trends lending insights to the evolving fluid compositions as a function of temperature (and time) during burial.

Of course, we agree, and have shown in all our previous studies, that it is necessary to carefully consider all the geologic variables contributing to a mineralogical system that is changing over geologic time. However, we clearly disagree with the statement in the comment that because the interpretation of geochemical data is a ‘demanding task’, B and Li isotopic data are not valuable contributions to studies on burial diagenesis as recorded by mineral chemistry. The interpretations in the referred paper attempt to consider all possible scenarios influencing mineralogical changes in a dynamic system, all based on existing evidence. The scientific approach of such intimate processes can only improve with more isotopic data generated on carefully selected size fractions of minerals from a well known geologic context!

References

Clauer, N., Williams, L. B., Lemarchand, D., Florian, P., & Honty, M. (2018). Illitization decrypted by B and Li isotope geochemistry of nanometer sized illite crystals in bentonite beds, East Slovak Basin. Chemical Geology, 477, 177194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clauer, N., Williams, L.B., & Uysal, I. T. (2022). Boron and lithium isotopic signatures of nanometer-sized smectite-rich mixed-layers of bentonite beds from Campos Basin (Brazil). Clays and Clay Minerals, 70(1), 7283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42860-022-00177-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar