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Removal of a Binary Dye Mixture of Congo Red and Malachite Green From Aqueous Solutions Using a Bentonite Adsorbent

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Abdil Özdemir  and
Can Serkan Keskin
Abdil Özdemir*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187 Esentepe, Sakarya, Turkey
Can Serkan Keskin
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187 Esentepe, Sakarya, Turkey
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

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An important application of clay is as a solid adsorbent for industrial dyes. The aim of the present work was to carry out an experimental—theoretical study of the adsorption of dye mixtures, namely malachite green (MG) and Congo red (CR), by bentonite. Adsorption studies were conducted after evaluation of the impact of several parameters, including pH, adsorbate dose, and contact time, on the removal of MG and CR. The pH of the dye solution is strongly affected by the chemistry of both the dye molecules and of the adsorbent in an aqueous solution. Where both dye molecules exist in solution, the optimum pH was found to be 8.2 in order to achieve the maximum adsorption of both MG and CR. Preliminary studies showed that 60 min of contact time is sufficient to reach adsorption equilibrium. The adsorption studies were carried out using 1.0 g samples of bentonite. The amount of dye adsorbed was found by application of classical least squares to the synthetic dye mixtures. Data from equilibrium adsorption on bentonite were analyzed by Freundlich, Langmuir, Redlich-Peterson, and Temkin isotherm equations using regression analysis for non-linear forms of those equations. For binary-mixture analysis, isotherm parameters were determined from single-component adsorption studies and the theoretical amount of dye adsorbed was calculated using an extended Langmuir isotherm. Non-linear error analysis showed that the Temkin and Redlich-Peterson isotherms gave the best fits to the equilibrium data for adsorptive removal of MG and CR by bentonite.

Keywords

AdsorbentCLSCongo RedExtended LangmuirMalachite Green
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 57 , Issue 6 , December 2009 , pp. 695 - 705
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2009

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