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Quantitative Determination of Clinoptilolite in Soils by a Cation-Exchange Capacity Method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Douglas W. Ming  and
Joe B. Dixon
Douglas W. Ming*
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
Joe B. Dixon
Affiliation:
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
*
1Present address: Mail Code SN 12, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston. Texas 77058.
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Abstract

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A cation-exchange capacity (CEC) method based on ion-sieving properties was developed for the quantitative determination of clinoptilolite in soils. In this method, both zeolitic and non-zeolitic exchange sites in the soil sample are saturated with Na+. The CEC of the non-zeolitic exchange sites is determined by replacing the Na− in these sites with tert-butylammonium ions. The tert-butylammonium ion cannot be exchanged into the zeolitic exchange sites because it is too large to pass through the channels in the clinoptilolite structure. The sample is next washed with NH4OAc to replace the Na+ in the zeolitic exchange sites. The amount of soil zeolite is then estimated by comparing the CEC of zeolitic exchange sites to the total zeolite CEC (175 meq/100 g for pure clinoptilolite). Prior to the CEC analyses, carbonates and organic matter must be removed to minimize interference with the exchange process. A high correlation (r2 = .96) was observed between the abundance of clinoptilolite estimated using the CEC method and the abundance estimated by semiquantitative X-ray powder diffraction analysis.

The CEC procedure was used to quantify clinoptilolite in an Aridic Calciustoll soil from south Texas. About 2–5% clinoptilolite occurs in the A and B horizons, and concentrations progressively increase with soil depth to as much as 20% in the CBk2 horizon.

Keywords

Cation-exchange capacityClinoptiloliteQuantitative mineralogySmectiteSoilTert-butylammoniumZeolite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 35 , Issue 6 , December 1987 , pp. 463 - 468
Copyright
Copyright © 1987, The Clay Minerals Society

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