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On the kinetics of ion exchange in phlogopite — An in situ AFM study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Kirill Aldushin ,
Guntram Jordan ,
Elena Aldushina  and
Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Kirill Aldushin
Affiliation:
Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Sektion Kristallographie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Theresienstraße 41, 80333 München, Germany
Guntram Jordan*
Affiliation:
Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Sektion Kristallographie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Theresienstraße 41, 80333 München, Germany
Elena Aldushina
Affiliation:
Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Geophysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Affiliation:
Department für Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften, Sektion Kristallographie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Theresienstraße 41, 80333 München, Germany
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

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The kinetics of cation exchange in phlogopite have been studied in situ by hydrothermal atomic force microscopy (HAFM). The exchange of interlayer K by octylammonium ions caused an increase in the interlayer distance and the formation of reaction fronts which can be locally resolved by AFM. The observed reaction fronts revealed substantial variations in their propagation rates — even within single interlayers. This observed variability in interlayer reactivity could mainly be attributed to chemical and structural inhomogeneities of the samples. A quantitative evaluation of the front propagation at representative sites yielded a diffusion coefficient of the K+ exchange by octylammonium of 1.2±0.6 × 10−11 cm2/s assuming negligible transport normal to the layers. The reverse reaction, i.e. the exchange of organic ions by K+, resulted in a retreat of the reaction fronts and a general restoration of the original morphological state. However, indications of structural alterations and areas with trapped octylammonium ions were found.

Keywords

AlkylammoniumAtomic Force MicroscopyClaysCation ExchangeDiffusionMicaOrganic IonsPhyllosilicatesSurface AlterationSwelling
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 55 , Issue 4 , August 2007 , pp. 339 - 347
Copyright
Copyright © 2007, The Clay Minerals Society

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