Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T05:11:29.584Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mössbauer Spectroscopic Study of the Iron Mineralogy of Post-Glacial Marine Clays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

J. Kenneth Torrance ,
Sheila W. Hedges  and
Lawrence H. Bowen
J. Kenneth Torrance
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
Sheila W. Hedges
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
Lawrence H. Bowen
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Three post-glacial marine clays from eastern Canada and one marine clay from Japan have been studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy to ascertain their iron mineralogy. Small amounts of hematite (in two samples) and magnetite (in one sample) were found in the Canadian clays, and hematite was detected in the Japanese clay. The major spectral components were ferrous and ferric doublets, consistent with X-ray powder diffraction results that show chlorite, mica, and amphibole in the Canadian samples and smectite in the Japanese sample. Citrate-dithionite extraction removed hematite and most of the magnetite from these samples. Acid-base extraction also removed chlorite and some mica from the Canadian samples. Samples treated by these extractions had appreciably lower geotechnical yield stresses at given water contents.

Keywords

HematiteIronMagnetiteMössbauer spectroscopyQuick claySmectiteYield strength
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 34 , Issue 3 , June 1986 , pp. 314 - 322
Copyright
Copyright © 1986, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Amarasiriwardena, D. D., DeGrave, E., Bowen, L. H. and Weed, S. B., 1986 Quantitative determination of aluminum-substituted goethite-hematite mixtures by Mössbauer spectroscopy Clays & Clay Minerals .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bahgat, A. A. and Fayek, M. K., 1982 Absolute evaluation of ferrous and ferric concentration in Ca amphibole Phys. Status Solidia 71 575–581.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bancroft, G. M., 1973 Mössbauer Spectroscopy. An Introduction for Inorganic Chemists and Geochemists New York John Wiley.Google Scholar
Bjerrum, L., Loken, T., Heiberg, S. and Foster, R., 1969 A field study of factors responsible for quick clay slides Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Soil Mech. Found. Eng., Mexico, Vol. 2 531–540.Google Scholar
Blaauw, C., Stroink, G. and Leiper, W., 1980 Mössbauer analysis of tale and chlorite J. Phys. (Paris) 41 411–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coey, J. M. D., 1975 Iron in a post-glacial lake sediment core: a Mössbauer effect study Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 39 401–415.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coey, J. M. D., 1980 Clay minerals and their transformations studied with nuclear techniques: the contribution of Mössbauer spectroscopy At. Energy Rev. 18 1–124.Google Scholar
DeGrave, E., Bowen, L. H. and Weed, S. B., 1982 Mössbauer study of aluminum-substituted hematites J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 27 98–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeGrave, E., Chambaere, D. and Bowen, L. H., 1983 Nature of the Morin transition in Al-substituted hematite J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 30 349–354.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dollase, W. A., 1973 Mössbauer spectra and iron distribution in the epidote-group minerals Z. Kristallogr. 138 41–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eden, W. J., Fletcher, E. B. and Mitchell, R. J., 1971 South Nation River landslide, 16 May 1971 Can. Geotech. J. 18 446–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Egashira, K. and Ohtsubo, M., 1983 Swelling and mineralogy of smectites in paddy soils derived from marine alluvium, Japan Geoderma 29 119–127.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hendershot, W. H. and Carson, M. A., 1978 Changes in plasticity of a sample of Champlain clay after selective dis solution to remove amorphous material Can. Geotech. J. 15 609–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, J. H. and Glasby, G. P., 1982 A Mössbauer spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction study of the iron mineralogy of some sediments from the southwestern Pacific basin Marine Chem. 11 437–448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kodama, H., Longworth, G. and Townsend, M. G., 1982 A Mössbauer investigation of some chlorites and their oxidation products Can. Mineral. 20 585–592.Google Scholar
Manning, P. G., Lum, K. R. and Birchall, T., 1983 Forms of iron phosphorus and trace-metal ions in a layered sediment core from Lake Ontario Can. Mineral. 21 121–128.Google Scholar
Mehra, O. P., Jackson, M. L. and Swineford, A., 1960 Iron oxide removal from soils and clays by a dithionite-citrate system buffered by sodium bicarbonate Clays and Clay Minerals, Proc. 7th Natl. Conf., Washington, D.C., 1958 New York Pergamon Press 317–327.Google Scholar
Melchior, D. C., Wildeman, T. R. and Williamson, D. C., 1982 Mössbauer investigation of the transformations of the iron minerals in oil shale during retorting Fuel 61 516–522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murad, E. and Schwertmann, U., 1980 The Mössbauer spectrum of ferrihydrite and its relation to those of other iron oxides Amer. Mineral. 65 1044–1049.Google Scholar
Nininger, R. C. Jr. and Schroeer, D., 1978 Mössbauer studies of the Morin transition in bulk and microcrystalline α-Fe2O3 J. Phys. Chem. Sol. 39 137–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsk Geoteknisk Forening, 1974 Retningslinjer for presentasjon av geotekniske undersokelser Oslo Norsk Geoteknisk Forening.Google Scholar
Ohtsubo, M., Takayama, M. and Egashira, K., 1982 Marine quick clays from Ariake Bay, Japan Soils and Foundations 22 71–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Papamarinopoulos, S., Readman, P. W., Maniatis, Y. and Simopoulos, A., 1982 Magnetic characterization and Mössbauer spectroscopy of magnetic concentrates from Greek lake sediments Earth Planetary Sci. Lett. 57 173–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penner, E., 1965 A study of sensitivity in Leda clay Can. J. Earth Sci. 2 425–441.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quigley, R. M., 1980 Geology, mineralogy and geochemistry of Canadian soft soils: a geotechnical perspective Can. Geotech. J. 17 417–428.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenqvist, I. Th., 1953 Considerations on the sensitivity of Norwegian quick clays Geotechnique 3 195–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suttill, R. J., Turner, P. and Vaughan, D. J., 1982 The geochemistry of iron in recent tidal-flat sediments of the Wash area, England: a mineralogical, Mössbauer and magnetic study Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46 205–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tavenas, F., Chagnon, J.-Y. and LaRochelle, P., 1971 The Saint-Jean-Vianney landslide: observations and eyewitness accounts Can. Geotech. J. 18 463–478.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torrance, J. K., 1975 On the role of chemistry in the development and behaviour of the sensitive marine clays of Canada and Scandinavia Can. Geotech. J. 3 326–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Torrance, J. K., Yatsu, E., Ward, A. J. and Adams, F., 1976 Leaching, weathering and origin of Leda clay in the Ottawa area Mass Wasting, 4th Guelph Symp. on Geomorphology, 1975 Norwich, U.K. Geo Abstracts, Ltd. 105–116.Google Scholar
Torrance, J. K., 1984 A comparison of marine clays from Ariake Bay, Japan and the South Nation River landslide site, Canada Soils and Foundations 24 75–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wivel, C. and Morup, S., 1981 Improved computational procedure for evaluation of overlapping hyperfine parameter distributions in Mössbauer spectroscopy J. Phys. E. 14 605–610.CrossRefGoogle Scholar