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Low-Frequency Electrical Conductivity of Aqueous Kaolinite Suspensions II: Counterion Effects and Estimating Stern Layer Mobilities of Counterions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Christian Weber ,
Matthias Halisch  and
Helge Stanjek
Christian Weber*
Affiliation:
Clay and Interface Mineralogy, RWTH Aachen University, Bunsenstrasse 8, 52072 Aachen, Germany
Matthias Halisch
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics, Dept. 5 Petrophysics and Borehole Geophysics, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany
Helge Stanjek
Affiliation:
Clay and Interface Mineralogy, RWTH Aachen University, Bunsenstrasse 8, 52072 Aachen, Germany
*
Current address: Institute for Physical Chemistry, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany
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Abstract

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The electrical state of the interface between a kaolinite-dominated clay sample and aqueous electrolyte solutions was characterized using low-frequency conductance measurements. From these measurements, the ζ-potential and surface conductivity contributions from the diffuse and non-diffuse parts of the electrical double layer were obtained. The suspensions were studied as a function of volume fraction, electrolyte concentration, and electrolyte type (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CsCl, CaCl2, SrCl2, and BaCl2). Interpretation in terms of the surface conductance revealed that a substantial part of the surface conductivity originates in the inner part of the double layer. Electrokinetic potentials and related diffuse double layer properties are highly dependent on the nature of monovalent counterions, whereas divalent counterions do not show such clear dependencies. Further presented was a simple way to estimate the order of magnitude of counterion mobilities in the inner part of the electrical double layer. All counterions were shown to have a substantial mobility in the inner part of the double layer. Finally, we suggest that the apparent ion-specific effects observed in the diffuse part of the double layer are at least in part related to the finite size of the counterions. Our findings are relevant to scenarios where fluid flow in porous media is accompanied by charged species transport, e.g., in electro-osmotic remediation, spectral-induced polarization, or permeability measurements.

Keywords

KaoliniteSpectral-induced PolarizationStern Layer MobilitySurface Charge DensitySurface ConductanceZeta Potential
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 66 , Issue 1 , February 2018 , pp. 86 - 95
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2018

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