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Kinetics of Desorption of Water, Ethanol, Ethyl Acetate, and Toluene from a Montmorillonite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Pascal Clausen ,
Lorenz Meier ,
Eric Hughes ,
Christopher J. G. Plummer  and
Jan-Anders E. Månson
Pascal Clausen*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Technologie des Composites et Polymères (LTC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Lorenz Meier
Affiliation:
Riedtlistrasse 67, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
Eric Hughes
Affiliation:
Nestlé Research Center, Ver-Chez-Les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
Christopher J. G. Plummer
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Technologie des Composites et Polymères (LTC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
Jan-Anders E. Månson
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Technologie des Composites et Polymères (LTC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Desorption processes of low-molecular-weight compounds from the surface of smectites into the gas phase determine a number of processes, e.g. those involved in drug delivery and the release of herbicides. The desorption has not been investigated thoroughly and is not well understood. The present study was undertaken in order to understand better the factors influencing these desorption mechanisms. Starting with a very pure standard (Na+-rich) montmorillonite (Kunipia-F), which was exchanged against cations with different hydration properties (Ca2+, Li+, phenyltrimethylammonium, hexyltrimethyl-ammonium), the experiments explored the rate of desorption of volatiles with different chemical functionalities (water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and toluene). The desorption was monitored by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry under isothermal conditions, and by ramping the temperature at a constant rate. The experiments were compared with numerical calculations based on finite-element methods and with analytical models. These data point to a two-step mechanism where the desorption follows the curve of the equilibrium desorption isotherms of those molecules on the montmorillonite. The bulk-like volatiles (i.e. volatiles with release kinetics close to that of the bulk liquids) were desorbed in a first step. With a decrease in the degree of coverage of the volatile on the montmorillonite, the desorption was increasingly dominated by the strength of interaction between the volatile and the interlayer cations of the montmorillonite.

Keywords

DesorptionEthanolEquilibrium Sorption IsothermEthyl AcetateIon ExchangeModelingMontmorilloniteNumerical MethodReleaseSmectiteTolueneVolatileWater
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 61 , Issue 4 , August 2013 , pp. 361 - 374
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2013

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