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Investigation of the Clay Fraction (<2 µm) of the Clay Minerals Society Reference Clays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Christoph Vogt ,
Jörn Lauterjung  and
Reinhard X. Fischer
Christoph Vogt*
Affiliation:
FB Geowissenschaften/Geo Sciences, Universität Bremen, Post Box 330440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
Jörn Lauterjung
Affiliation:
GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany
Reinhard X. Fischer
Affiliation:
FB Geowissenschaften/Geo Sciences, Universität Bremen, Post Box 330440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

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We studied a set of 15 reference clays from The Clay Minerals Society (CMS) Source Clays repository. Our aim was to use them as reference materials in our version of the QUAX mineral database. The QUAX software (Quantitative Phase-Analysis with X-ray Powder Diffraction) has been used successfully at the KTB site (German Continental Deep Drillling) to determine mineral assemblages quickly, in an automatic fashion, on a large number of samples (∼40,000). It was also applied to Quaternary marine sediments of the Japan Sea. Our current research focuses on marine and lacrustrine sediments from the Arctic Ocean and Siberia.

QUAX is a full-pattern method using a reference materials database. The quality of a particular quantification depends on the availability of the relevant mineral phases in the database. Our aim is to extend and improve the database continuously with new data from our current projects, particularly from clay and feldspar minerals.

A reference material in the QUAX software must be monomineralic. Before X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of CMS clays could be added to the database, quantification of any impurities was necessary. After measuring the bulk material by XRD, the <2 µm fraction was separated because we assumed it would contain the smallest amount of impurities. Here we present grain-size data, XRD data and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data for this clay-sized fraction. The results of chemical and mineralogical preparation techniques and (elemental) analysis methods were combined. For XRD, random and oriented clay-aggregate samples as well as pressed pellets for QUAX analysis were prepared. Semi-quantitative clay mineral determinations were run for comparison.

Keywords

Arctic OceanClay Minerals Society (CMS)Source Clays RepositoryMarine GeologyQuantitative Phase AnalysisReference ClaysXRDXRF
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 3 , June 2002 , pp. 388 - 400
Copyright
Copyright © 2002, The Clay Minerals Society

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