Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T17:41:00.717Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Further Investigations on the Rehydration Characteristics of Rectorite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Motoharu Kawano  and
Katsutoshi Tomita
Motoharu Kawano
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890, Japan
Katsutoshi Tomita
Affiliation:
Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, 1-21-35 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890, Japan
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The rehydration and rehydroxylation properties of homoionic rectorites (saturated with Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, or K+) were further investigated. The rehydration properties of the rectorite were characterized as follows: (1) basal spacings of rehydrated materials after heating above 500°C changed to 22.5 Å for H2O-complexes, 26.85 Å for ethylene glycol-complexes, and 27.65 Å for glycerol-complexes; (2) rehydrated Ca- and Mg-materials exhibited single layer hydrates at <50% RH, and rehydrated K-material showed double layer hydrates at 80% RH; (3) IR absorption spectra due to rehydrated H2O and OH exhibited the same or very close absorption intensities and frequencies to each other; (4) DTA-TGA curves of rehydrated materials indicated that the amount of rehydrated H2O approached about 4.2 wt. %, and about one-half of OH was rehydroxylated after heating at 800°C; and (5) interlayer cations of expandable layer components became non-exchangeable after heating above 500°C. These results suggest the following rehydration mechanism of rectorite: the interlayer cations migrate into the hexagonal holes of the SiO4 network by thermal dehydration. The cations migrated below 400°C easily return to the interlayer space and their original hydrated configurations have been recovered completely on rehydration. However, those migrated above 500°C are fixed to the hexagonal holes but water molecules are regained in the interlayer space. Consequently, electrostatic effects of interlayer cations on formation of water molecule layers are considerably reduced.

Keywords

Electrostatic effectsHexagonal holesInterlayer cationRectoriteRehydration mechanismThermal dehydration
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 40 , Issue 4 , August 1992 , pp. 421 - 428
Copyright
Copyright © 1992, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Bissada, K. K., Johns, W. D. and Cheng, F. S., 1967 Cation-dipole interactions in clay organic complexes Clay Miner 7 155 – 166 10.1180/claymin.1967.007.2.03.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brindley, G. W. and Roy, S., 1964 Complexes of Ca-montmorillonite with primary monohydric alcohols Amer. Mineral 49 106 – 115.Google Scholar
Dowdy, R. H. and Mortland, M. M., 1967 Alcohol-water interactions on montmorillonite surface. I. Ethanol Clays & Clay Minerals 15 259 – 271 10.1346/CCMN.1967.0150131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dowdy, R. H. and Mortland, M. M., 1968 Alcohol-water interactions on montmorillonite surface. II. Ethylene glycol Soil Sci 105 30 – 43 10.1097/00010694-196801000-00008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emerson, W. W., 1957 Organo-clay complexes Nature 180 48 – 49 10.1038/180048b0.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greene-Kelly, R., 1952 Irreversible dehydration in montmorillonite Clay Minerals Bull 1 221 – 227 10.1180/claymin.1952.001.7.06.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grim, R. E. and Brindley, W. F., 1948 Rehydration and dehydration of the clay minerals Amer. Mineral 33 50 – 59.Google Scholar
Heller, L., Farmer, V. C., Mackenzie, R. C., Mitchell, B. D. and Taylor, H. F. W., 1962 The dehydroxylation and rehydroxylation of triphomic dioctahedral clay minerals Clay Minerals Bull 5 56 – 72 10.1180/claymin.1962.005.28.02.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jonas, E. C. and Milligan, W. O., 1955 The reversible dehydroxylization of clay minerals Clays and Clay Minerals, Proc. 3rd Natl. Conf., Texas, 1954 Washington, D.C. Publication Nat. Acad. Sci.-Nat. Res. Counc 66 – 72.Google Scholar
Kawano, M. and Tomita, K., 1989 X-ray studies of rehydration behaviors for montmorillonite Clay Science 7 277 – 287.Google Scholar
Kawano, M. and Tomita, K., 1989 Rehydration properties of Na-rectorite from Makurazaki, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan Miner. J. (Tokyo) 14 351 – 372 10.2465/minerj.14.351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawano, M. and Tomita, K., 1991 X-ray powder diffraction studies on the rehydration properties of beidellite Clays & Clay Minerals 39 77 – 83 10.1346/CCMN.1991.0390110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawano, M. and Tomita, K., 1991 Dehydration and rehydration of saponite and vermiculite Clays & Clay Minerals 39 174 – 183 10.1346/CCMN.1991.0390209.Google Scholar
Luca, V. and Cardile, C. M., 1988 Thermally induced cation migration in Na and Li montmorillonite Phys. Chem. Minerals 16 98 – 103 10.1007/BF00201335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luca, V. and Cardile, C. M., 1989 Cation migration in smectite minerals: Electron spin resonance of exchanged Fe3+ probes Clays & Clay Minerals 37 325 – 332 10.1346/CCMN.1989.0370405.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D M C Wilson, M. J., Brindley, G. W. and Brown, G., 1980 Interlayer and intercalation complexes of clay minerals Crystal Structure of Clay Minerals and Their X-ray Identification London Mineralogical Society 197 – 248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuda, T., 1984 Mineralogical study on regularly inter-stratified dioctahedral mica-smectites Clay Science 6 117 – 148.Google Scholar
Matsuda, T., 1989 Expansion characteristics of rectorite Clay Science 7 297 – 306.Google Scholar
McBride, M. B., Mortland, M. M. and Pinnavaia, T. J., 1974 Exchange ion position in smectite: Effects on electron spin resonance of structural iron Clays & Clay Minerals 22 162 – 163.Google Scholar
Méring, J., 1946 On the hydration of montmorillonite Trans. Faraday Soc 205 – 219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pezerat, H. and Méring, J., 1967 Recherches sur la position des cations exchangeables et de leau les montmorillonites C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 265 529 – 532.Google Scholar
Rosseinsky, D. R., 1965 Electrode potentials and hydration energies. Theories and correlations Chemical Reviews 65 467 – 490 10.1021/cr60236a004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, A. D., Ismail, F. T. and Locatis, R. R., 1972 Changes in interlayer potassium exchangeability induced by heating micas Proc. Inter. Clay Conf., Madrid 2 143 – 158.Google Scholar
Shimoda, S., Oinuma, K. and Negishi, T., 1969 Interstrati-fied minerals of illite and montmorillonite Jour. Geol. Soc. Japan 75 591 – 599 10.5575/geosoc.75.591.Google Scholar
Smith, S. J. and Scott, A. D., 1974 Exchangeability of potassium in heated fine-grained micaceous minerals Clays & Clay Minerals 22 263 – 270 10.1346/CCMN.1974.0220308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suquet, H D L Calle, C. and Pezerat, H., 1975 Swelling and structural organization of saponite Clays & Clay Minerals 23 1 – 9 10.1346/CCMN.1975.0230101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tettenhorst, R., 1962 Cation migration in montmorillonites Amer. Mineral 47 769 – 773.Google Scholar
Tomita, K., 1974 Similarities of rehydration and rehydroxylation properties of rectorite and 2 M clay micas Clays & Clay Minerals 22 79 – 85 10.1346/CCMN.1974.0220111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomita, K. and Sudo, T., 1968 Interstratified structure formed from a pre-heated mica by acid treatments Nature 217 1043 – 1044 10.1038/2171043a0.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomita, K. and Dozono, M., 1973 An expansible mineral having high rehydration ability Clays & Clay Minerals 21 185 – 190 10.1346/CCMN.1973.0210307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vedder, W. and Wilkins, R. W. T., 1969 Dehydroxylation and rehydroxylation, oxidation and reduction of mica Amer. Mineral 54 482 – 509.Google Scholar