Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T08:41:36.212Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Fourier-Transform Infrared Study of Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Adsorbed on Montmorillonite: Implications for Surface Area Measurements of Clays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

T. T. Nguyen ,
M. Raupach  and
L. J. Janik
T. T. Nguyen*
Affiliation:
CSIRO Division of Soils, Private Mail Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
M. Raupach
Affiliation:
CSIRO Division of Soils, Private Mail Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
L. J. Janik
Affiliation:
CSIRO Division of Soils, Private Mail Bag 2, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
*
1Present address: Defence Research Centre, GPO Box 2151, 5001, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Infrared spectra of 2-ethoxyethanol (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, EGME) adsorbed on Camontmorillonite were obtained using diffuse-reflectance infrared-Fourier-transform (DRIFT) and attenuated total-reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy. The molecular conformation of adsorbed EGME shows predominantly a gauche configuration for the CH2-CH2 linkage as originally present in the liquid. The orientation of the adsorbed EGME molecule in the interlamellar region of the clay was deduced from measurements of the polarized ATR spectra. The planar zig-zag skeleton of the molecule appears to have its long axis tilted at an angle of 44° to the clay surface; the molecule is in van der Waals contact with both adjacent surfaces. Further, the plane of the skeleton of the molecule is tilted at an angle of 69° to the clay surface. This orientation leads to estimates of the d-value of the clay-EGME complex and of the surface area occupied by each molecule. These values are in excellent agreement with independent measurements of both parameters. The full surface coverage on montmorillonite is represented by a single layer of tilted EGME molecules shared by two adjacent clay sheets; each molecule occupies a total surface area consisting of one portion (25.4 Å2) on the lower surface of the interlayer plus another portion (14.8 Å2) on the upper surface. The implication of this model for materials such as kaolinite, where adsorption takes place on the external surface only, is that on these materials each EGME molecule occupies 20 Å2 at full surface coverage.

Keywords

AdsorptionAttenuated total reflectance spectroscopyEthylene glycol monoethyl etherInfrared spectroscopyMolecular configurationMontmorillonite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 35 , Issue 1 , February 1987 , pp. 60 - 67
Copyright
Copyright © 1987, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Bower, C. A. and Goertzen, J. O., 1959 Surface area of soils and clays by an equilibrium ethylene glycol method Soil Sci. 87 289 – 292.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, W. F., Weiss, E. J., Rowland, R. A. and Swineford, A., 1963 A glycol-sodium vermiculite complex Clays and Clay Minerals, Proc. 10th Natl. Conf., Austin, Texas, 1961 New York Pergamon Press 117 – 149.Google Scholar
Carter, D. L., Heilman, M. D. and Gonzalez, C. L., 1965 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether procedure for determining surface area of silicate materials Soil Sci. 100 356 – 360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cihacek, L. J. and Bremner, J. M., 1979 A simplified ethylene glycol monoethyl ether procedure for assessment of soil surface area Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 43 821 – 822.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dowdy, R. H. and Mortland, M. M., 1968 Alcohol-water interactions on montmorillonite surfaces. II. Ethylene glycol Soil Sci. 105 36 – 43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dyal, R. S. and Hendricks, S. B., 1950 Total surface of clay in polar liquid as a characteristic index Soil Sci. 69 421 – 432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eltantawy, I. M. and Arnold, P. W., 1973 Reappraisal of the ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) method for surface area estimations of clays J. Soil Sci. 24 232 – 238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eltantawy, I. M. and Arnold, P. W., 1974 Ethylene glycol sorption by homoionic montmorillonites J. Soil Sci. 25 99 – 110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, M. P. and Griffiths, P. R., 1978 Infrared analysis by diffuse reflectance spectrometry Amer. Lab. 10 69 – 80.Google Scholar
Heilman, M. D., Carter, D. L. and Gonzalez, C. L., 1965 The ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) technique for determining soil surface area Soil Sci. 100 409 – 413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iwamoto, R., 1971 Infrared study on molecular conformations of dialkoxyethanes and related compounds Spectrochim. Acta 27A 2385 – 2399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, R. T., 1955 Ethylene glycol retention by clays Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 19 160 – 164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mikawa, Y., 1956 Characteristic absorption bands of vinyl ethers Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 29 110 – 115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miyake, A., 1960 CH2-rocking frequencies of ethylene glycol and its derivatives in relation to the configuration of polyethylene glycol J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 82 3040 – 3043.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pauling, L., 1960 The Nature of Chemical Bond New York Cornell University Press 257 – 264.Google Scholar
Raupach, M., Emerson, W. W. and Slade, P. G., 1979 The arrangement of paraquat bound by vermiculite and montmorillonite J. Colloid Interface Sci. 69 398 – 408.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raupach, M. and Janik, L., 1976 The orientation of ornithine and 6-aminohexanoic acid adsorbed on vermiculite from polarized i.r. ATR spectra Clays & Clay Minerals 24 127 – 133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raupach, M., Slade, P. G., Janik, L. and Radoslovich, E. W., 1975 A polarized infrared and X-ray study of lysine-vermiculite Clays & Clay Minerals 23 181 – 186.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, R. C., 1965 An X-ray study of an ethylene glycol-montmorillonite complex Amer. Mineral. 50 990 – 1001.Google Scholar
Slade, P. G., Raupach, M. and Emerson, W. W., 1978 The ordering of cetylpyridinium bromide on vermiculite Clays & Clay Minerals 26 125 – 134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, R. G. and Zerbi, G., 1967 Vibrational analysis of ten simple aliphatic ethers: Spectra, assignments, valence force field and molecular conformations Spectrochim. Acta 391 – 437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sor, K. and Kemper, W. D., 1959 Estimation of hydratable surface area of soils and clays from the amount of adsorption and retention of ethylene glycol Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 23 105 – 110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Srinivasan, T. K. K. Jose, C. I. and Biswas, A. B., 1969 Infrared spectra and rotational isomerism of mono-, di-, and tri-ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers Can. J. Chem. 47 3877 – 3891.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weast, R. C., 1980 Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 60th ed.Google Scholar
Weiser, H., Laidlaw, W. G., Krueger, P. J. and Fuhrer, H., 1968 Vibrational spectra and a valence force field for conformers of diethyl ether and deuterated analogues Spectrochim. Acta 24A 1055 – 1089.CrossRefGoogle Scholar