Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T23:30:29.849Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Formation of Arrested States in Natural Di- and Trioctahedral Smectite Dispersions Compared to Those in Synthetic Hectorite — A Macro- and Microrheological Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

M. Pilavtepe ,
L. Delavernhe ,
A. Steudel ,
R. Schumann ,
N. Willenbacher  and
K. Emmerich
M. Pilavtepe*
Affiliation:
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
L. Delavernhe
Affiliation:
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Competence Center for Material Moisture, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
A. Steudel
Affiliation:
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Competence Center for Material Moisture, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
R. Schumann
Affiliation:
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Competence Center for Material Moisture, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
N. Willenbacher
Affiliation:
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
K. Emmerich
Affiliation:
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Competence Center for Material Moisture, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effect of natural clay-mineral properties on the rheological behavior of dispersion is very important in new geotechnical and industrial applications. The colloidal behavior of natural clay minerals with various octahedral structures was investigated using macro- and microrheological measurements and compared with the behavior of synthetic hectorite. In the present study montmorillonite (dioctahedral smectite of Volclay), natural hectorite (trioctahedral smectite of SHCa-1 Source Clay), and the synthetic trioctahedral smectite Laponite®, with lateral layer dimensions of 277, 100, and 30 nm, respectively, were used. The structure formation, kinetics of aging, and broad bandwidth viscoelastic response (10-2 — 106 rad/s) of their dispersions were obtained using mechanical shear and squeeze flow rheometry combined with diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) and multiple particle tracking (MPT) microrheology. State diagrams were determined at inherent pH considering the clay-mineral and NaCl concentrations as well as the kinetics of structure formation and sample aging. Due to the larger mean layer diameter and greater layer-charge density of natural clay-minerals, their sol—gel transitions occurred at higher solid and NaCl concentrations than those of Laponite®. Structure formation was faster at pH < pHPZC,edge than at pH > pHPZC,edge (point of zero charge at the edge). The long-term aging of natural clay-mineral samples was less pronounced in the glass state than in the gel state, in contrast to the findings for Laponite®. The storage modulus, G’, of clay-mineral dispersions in arrested states remained essentially constant in a wide frequency range (up to 100 rad/s), as expected. The corresponding plateau value of G’ depends on the number of particle contacts per volume and, hence, increased with decreasing particle size at a given concentration. The dissipation mechanisms determining the high-frequency loss modulus, G", however, are independent of particle size and, accordingly, the high-frequency crossover of G’ and G" shifted to higher values when the particle size decreased. The MPT data revealed structural refinement on the submicrometer length scale during the aging of weak hectorite gels, which was similar to the results for Laponite®. No refinement, however, occurred for montmorillonite in the glass or strong gel state.

Keywords

AgingAspect RatioClay Mineral DispersionHectoriteMicrorheologyMontmorillonitepHState DiagramStructure Formation
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 66 , Issue 4 , August 2018 , pp. 339 - 352
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2018

References

Abend, S. and Lagaly, G. (2000) Sol-gel transitions of sodium montmorillonite dispersions. Applied Clay Science, 16, 201–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alemdar, A., Öztekin, N., Güngör, N., Ece, Ö.I., and Erim, F.B. (2005) Effects of polyethyleneimine adsorption on rheology of bentonite suspensions. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 252, 2895–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ali, S. and Bandyopadhyay, R. (2016) Aggregation and stability of anisotropic charged clay colloids in aqueous medium in the presence of salt. Faraday Discussions, 186, 455–471.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Arroyo, F.J., Carrique, F., Jiménez-Olivares, M.L., and Delgado, A.V. (2000) Rheological and electrokinetic properties of sodium montmorillonite suspensions. II. Low-frequency dielectric dispersion. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 229, 118–122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Au, P.I., Hassan, S., Liu, J., and Leong, Y.K. (2015) Behaviour of Laponite gels: Rheology, ageing, pH effect and phase state in the presence of dispersant. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 101, 65–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Awasthi, V. and Joshi, Y.M. (2009) Effect of temperature on aging and time-temperature superposition in nonergodic Laponite suspensions. Soft Matter, 5, 4991–4996.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baik, M.H., Cho, W.J., and Hahn, P.S. (2007) Erosion of bentonite particles at the interface of a compacted bentonite and a fractured granite. Engineering Geology, 91, 229–239.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balnois, E., Durand-Vidal, S., and Levitz, P. (2003) Probing the morphology of laponite clay colloids by atomic force microscopy. Langmuir, 19, 6633–6637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benna, M., Kbir-Ariguib, N., Magnin, A., and Bergaya, F. (1999) Effect of pH on rheological properties of purified sodium bentonite suspensions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 218, 442–455.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bonn, D., Tanase, S., Abou, B., Tanaka, H., and Meunier, J. (2002) Laponite: Aging and shear rejuvenation of a colloidal glass. Physical Review Letters, 89, 15701.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bosbach, D., Charlet, L., Bickmore, B., and Hochella, MF. (2000) The dissolution of hectorite: In-situ, real-time observations using atomic force microscopy. American Mineralogist, 85, 1209–1216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandenburg, U. and Lagaly, G. (1988) Rheological properties of sodium montmorillonite dispersions. Applied Clay Science, 3, 263–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crassous, J.J., Régisser, R., Ballauff, M., and Willnebacher, N. (2005) Characterization of the viscoelastic behavior of complex fluids using the piezoelastic axial vibrator. Journal of Rheology, 49, 851–863.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crocker, J.C. and Grier, D.G. (1996) Methods of digital video microscopy for colloidal studies. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 179, 298–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, J.I. and Oreffo, R.O.C. (2013) Clay: New opportunities for tissue regeneration and biomaterial design. Advanced Materials, 25, 4069–4086.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Oliveira, T. and Guegan, R. (2016) Coupled organoclay/micelle action for the adsorption of diclofenac. Environmental Science & Technology, 50, 10209–10215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Delavernhe, L., Steudel, A., Darbha, G.K., Schafer, T., Schuhmann, R., Wöll, C., Geckeis, H., and Emmerich, K. (2015) Influence of mineralogical and morphological properties on the cation exchange behavior of dioctahedral smectites. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 481, 591–599.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delavernhe, L., Pilavtepe, M., and Emmerich, K. (2018) Cation exchange capacity of natural and synthetic hectorite. Applied Clay Science, 151, 175–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delhorme, M., Labbez, C., Caillet, C., and Thomas, F. (2010) Acid-base properties of 2: 1 clays. I. modeling the role of electrostatics. Langmuir, 26, 9240–9249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delhorme, M., Jönsson, B., and Labbez, C. (2014) Gel, glass and nematic states of plate-like particle suspensions: charge anisotropy and size effects. RSC Advances, 4, 34793.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eriksson, R. and Schatz, T. (2015) Rheological properties of clay material at the solid/solution interface formed under quasi-free swelling conditions. Applied Clay Science, 108, 12–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galamboš, M., Magula, M., Daňo, M., Osacký, M., Rosskopfovà, O., and Rajec, P. (2012) Comparative study of cesium adsorption on dioctahedral and trioctahedral smectites. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 293, 829–837.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grangeon, S., Vinsot, A., Tournassat, C., Lerouge, C., Giffaut, E., Heck, S., Groschopf, N., Deneke, M.A., Wechner, S., and Schäfer, T. (2015) The influence of natural trace element distribution on the mobility of radionuclides. The exemple of nickel in a clay-rock. Applied Geochemistry, 52, 155–173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Houghton, H.A., Hasnain, I.A., and Donald, A.M. (2008) Particle tracking to reveal gelation of hectorite dispersions. European Physical Journal E, 25, pp.119–127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jabbari-Farouji, S., Tanaka, H., Wegdam, G.H., and Bonn, D. (2008) Multiple nonergodic disordered states in Laponite suspensions: A phase diagram. Physical Review E, 78, 61405.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Janek, M. and Lagaly, G. (2001) Proton saturation and rheological properties of smectite dispersions. Applied Clay Science, 19, 121–130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jatav, S. and Joshi, Y.M. (2017) Phase behavior of aqueous suspension of Laponite: New insights with microscopic evidence. Langmuir, 33, 2370–2377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jönsson, B., Labbez, C., and Cabane, B. (2008) Interaction of nanometric clay platelets. Langmuir, 24, 11406–11413.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kaufhold, S. and Dohrmann, R. (2013) The variable charge of dioctahedral smectites. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 390, 225–233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Khandal, R.K. and Tadros, T.F. (1988) Application of viscoelastic measurements to the investigation of the swelling of sodium montmorillonite suspensions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 125, 122–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kleshchanok, D., Meester, V., Pompe, C.E., Hilhorst, J., and Lekkerkerker, H.N.W. (2012) Effects of added silica nanoparticles on hectorite gels. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 116, 9532–9539.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Knaebel, A., Bellour, M., Munch, J.P., Viasnoff, V., Lequeux, F., and Harden, J.L. (2000) Aging behavior of Laponite clay particle suspensions. Europhysics Letters, 52, 73–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kowalczyk, A., Oelschlaeger, C., and Willenbacher, N. (2015) Tracking errors in 2D multiple particle tracking microrheology. Measurement Science and Technology, 26, 15302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lagaly, G. (1989) Principles of flow of kaolin and bentonite dispersions. Applied Clay Science, 4, 105–123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lagaly, G. and Ziesmer, S. (2003) Colloid chemistry of clay minerals: The coagulation of montmorillonite dispersions. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 100–102, 105–128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laribi, S., Fleureau, J.M., Grossiord, J.L., and Kbir-Ariguib, N. (2005) Comparative yield stress determination for pure and interstratified smectite clays. Rheologica Acta, 44, 262–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S.M. and Tiwari, D. (2012) Organo and inorgano-organo-modified clays in the remediation of aqueous solutions: An overview. Applied Clay Science, 59–60, 84–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lifshitz, I.M. and Slyozov, V.V. (1961) The kinetics of precipitation from supersaturated solid solutions. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 19, 35–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loring, J.S., Schaef, H.T., Turcu, R.V.F., Thompson, C.J., Miller, Q.R.S., Martin, P.F., Hu, J., Hoyt, D.W., Qafoku, O., Ilton, E.S., Felmy, A.R., and Rosso, K.M. (2012) In situ molecular spectroscopic evidence for CO2 intercalation into montmorillonite in supercritical carbon dioxide. Langmuir, 28, 7125–7128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luckham, P.F. and Rossi, S. (1999) The colloidal and rheological properties of bentonite suspensions. Advences in Colloid and Interface Science, 82, 43–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mason, T.G. and Weitz, D.A. (1995) Optical measurements of frequency-dependent linear viscoelastic moduli of complex fluids. Physical Review Letters, 74, 1250–1253.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meier, L.P. and Kahr, G. (1999) Determination of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of clay minerals using the complexes of copper(II) ion with triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine. Clays and Clay Minerals, 47, 386–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meunier, A. (2005) Clays. Springer Science & Business Media, Heidelberg, Germany, 472 pp.Google Scholar
Michot, L.J., Bihannic, I., Porsch, K., Maddi, S., Baravian, C., Mougel, J., and Levitz, P. (2004) Phase diagrams of Wyoming Na-montmorillonite clay. Influence of particle anisotropy. Langmuir, 20, 10829–10837.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Michot, L.J., Bihannic, I., Maddi, S., Funari, S.S., Baravian, C., Levitz, P., and Davidson, P. (2006) Liquid-crystalline aqueous clay suspensions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103, 16101–16104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Missana, T. and Adell, A. (2000) On the applicability of DLVO theory to the prediction of clay colloids stability. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 230, 150–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohanty, R.P., Suman, K., and Joshi, Y.M. (2017) In situ ion induced gelation of colloidal dispersion of Laponite: Relating microscopic interactions to macroscopic behavior. Applied Clay Science, 138, 17–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mourad, M.C.D., Byelov, D.V., Petukhov, A.V., and Lekkerkerker, H.N.W. (2008) Structure of the repulsive gel/glass in suspensions of charged colloidal platelets. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, 20, 494201.Google Scholar
Mourad, M.C.D., Byelov, D.V., Petukhoc, A.V., Winter, D.A.M., Verkleij, A.J., and Lekkerkerker, H.N.W. (2009) Sol–gel transitions and liquid crystal phase transitions in concentrated aqueous suspensions of colloidal gibbsite platelets. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 113, 11604–11613.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mourchid, A., Lécolier, E., Van Damme, H., and Levitz, P. (1998) On viscoelastic, birefringent, and swelling properties of Laponite clay suspensions: Revisited phase diagram. Langmuir, 14, 4718–4723.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norrish, K. (1954) The swelling of montmorillonite. Discussions of the Faraday Society, 18, 120–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oelschlaeger, C., Schopferer, M., Scheffold, F., and Willenbacher, N. (2009) Linear-to-branched micelles transition: A rheometry and diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) study. Langmuir, 25, 716–723.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paineau, E., Bihannic, I., Baravian, C., Philippe, A.M., Davidson, P., Levitz, P., Funari, S.S., Rochas, C., and Michot, L.J. (2011a) Aqueous suspensions of natural swelling clay minerals. 1. Structure and electrostatic interactions. Langmuir, 27, 5562–5573.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paineau, E., Michot, L.J., Bihannic, I., and Baravian, C. (2011b) Aqueous suspensions of natural swelling clay minerals. 2. Rheological characterization. Langmuir, 27, 7806–7819.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pignon, F., Magnin, A., Piau, J.M., Cabane, B., Lindner, P., and Diat, O. (1997) Yield stress thixotropic clay suspension: Investigation of structure by light, neutron, and X-ray scattering. Physical Review E, 56, 3281–3289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pilavtepe, M., Recktenwald, S.M., Schuhmann, R., Emmerich, K., and Willenbacher, N. (2018) Macro- and microscale structure formation and aging in different arrested states of Laponite dispersions. Journal of Rheology, 62, 593–605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramos-Tejada, M.M., de Vicente, J., Ontiveros, A. and Duran, J.D.G. (2001a) Effect of humic acid adsorption on the rheological properties of sodium montmorillonite suspensions. Journal of Rheology, 45, 1159.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ramos-Tejada, M.M., Arroyo, F.J., Perea, R., and Durán, J.D.G. (2001b) Scaling behavior of the rheological properties of montmorillonite suspensions: Correlation between interparticle interaction and degree of flocculation. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 235, 251–259.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rand, B., Pekenć, E., Goodwin, J.M., and Smith, R.W. (1980) Investigation into the existence of edge-face coagulated structures in Na-montmorillonite suspensions. Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1, 76, 225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reiche, T., Noseck, U., and Schäfer, T. (2016) Migration of contaminants in fractured-porous media in the presence of colloids: Effects of kinetic interactions. Transport in Porous Media, 111, 143–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rich, J.P., McKinley, G.H., and Doyle, P.S. (2011) Size dependence of microprobe dynamics during gelation of a discotic colloidal clay. Journal of Rheology, 55, 273–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rives, V., del Arco, M., and Martín, C. (2014) Intercalation of drugs in layered double hydroxides and their controlled release: A review. Applied Clay Science, 88–89, 239–269.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross-Murphy, S.B. (1994) Rheological Methods. Pp. 343–392 in: Physical Techniques for the Study of Food Biopolymers (Ross-Murphy, S.B., editor). Springer US, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rozalén, M., Brady, P.V., and Huertas, F.J. (2009) Surface chemistry of K-montmorillonite: Ionic strength, temperature dependence and dissolution kinetics. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 333, 474–484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ruzicka, B. and Zaccarelli, E. (2011) A fresh look at the Laponite phase diagram. Soft Matter, 7, 1268–1286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saha, D., Bandyopadhyay, R., and Joshi, Y.M. (2015) Dynamic light scattering study and DLVO snalysis of physicochemical interactions in colloidal suspensions of charged disks. Langmuir, 31, 3012–3020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savin, T. and Doyle, P.S. (2005) Static and dynamic errors in particle tracking microrheology. Biophysical Journal, 88, 623–638.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schlegel, M.L., Charlet, L., and Manceau, A. (1999) Sorption of metal ions on clay minerals. II. Mechanism of Co sorption on hectorite at high and low ionic strength and impact on the sorbent stability. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 220, 392–405.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schnetzer, F., Thissen, P., Giraudo, N., and Emmerich, K. (2016) Unraveling the coupled processes of (de)hydration and structural changes in Na+-saturated montmorillonite. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 120, 15282–15287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Secor, R.B. and Radke, C.J. (1985) Spillover of the diffuse double layer on montmorillonite particles. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 103, 237–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shalkevich, A., Stradner, A., Bhat, S.K., Muller, F., and Schurtenberger, P. (2007) Cluster, glass, and gel formation and viscoelastic phase separation in aqueous clay suspensions. Langmuir, 23, 3570–3580.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sohm, R. and Tadros, T.F. (1989) Viscoelastic properties of sodium montmorillonite (Gelwhite H) suspensions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 132, 62–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Struik, L.C.E. (1978) Physical Aging in Amorphous Polymers and Other Materials. Elsevier Scientific, New York. 229 pp.Google Scholar
Tanaka, H., Meunier, J., and Bonn, D. (2004) Nonergodic states of charged colloidal suspensions: Repulsive and attractive glasses and gels. Physical Review E, 69, 031404.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tanaka, H., Jabbari-Farouji, S., Meunier, J., and Bonn, D. (2005) Kinetics of ergodic-to-nonergodic transitions in charged colloidal suspensions: Aging and gelation. Physical Review E, 021402.Google Scholar
Tawari, S.L., Koch, D.L., and Cohen, C. (2001) Electrical double-layer effects on the Brownian diffusivity and aggregation rate of Laponite clay particles. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 240, 54–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tombácz, E. and Szekeres, M. (2004) Colloidal behavior of aqueous montmorillonite suspensions: The specific role of pH in the presence of indifferent electrolytes. Applied Clay Science, 27, 75–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Olphen, H. (1978) An Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry. Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie, 82, 236–237.Google Scholar
Willenbacher, N. (1996) Unusual thixotropic properties of aqueous dispersions of Laponite RD. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 182, 501–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winter, H.H. and Chambon, F. (1986) Analysis of linear viscoelasticity of a crosslinking polymer at the gel point. Journal of Rheology, 30, 367–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolters, F., Lagaly, G., Kahr, G., Nueesch, R., and Emmerich, K. (2009) A comprehensive characterization of dioctahedral smectites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 57, 115–133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yariv, S. and Cross, H. (1979) Geochemistry of Colloid Systems: For Earth Scientists. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 451 pp,CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yildiz, N., Sarikaya, Y., and Calimli, A. (1999) The effect of the electrolyte concentration and pH on the rheological properties of the original and the Na2CO3-activated Kütahya bentonite. Applied Clay Science, 14, 319–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zbik, M.S., Williams, D.J., Song, Y.F., and Wang, C.C. (2014) The formation of a structural framework in gelled Wyoming bentonite: Direct observation in aqueous solutions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 435, 119–127.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed