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Experimental Transformation of Kaolinite to Halloysite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Balbir Singh  and
Ian D. R. Mackinnon
Balbir Singh
Affiliation:
Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
Ian D. R. Mackinnon
Affiliation:
Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
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Abstract

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A well-characterized kaolinite has been hydrated in order to test the hypothesis that platey kaolinite will roll upon hydration. Kaolinite hydrates are prepared by repeated intercalation of kaolinite with potassium acetate and subsequent washing with water. On hydration, kaolinite plates roll along the major crystallographic directions to form tubes identical to proper tubular halloysite. Most tubes are elongated along the b crystallographic axis, while some are elongated along the a axis. Overall, the tubes exhibit a range of crystallinity. Well-ordered examples show a 2-layer structure, while poorly ordered tubes show little or no 3-dimensional order. Cross-sectional views of the formed tubes show both smoothly curved layers and planar faces. These characteristics of the experimentally formed tubes are shared by natural halloysites. Therefore, it is proposed that planar kaolinite can transform to tubular halloysite.

Keywords

HalloysiteHydrationIntercalationKaoliniteRollingTetrahedral Rotation
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 44 , Issue 6 , December 1996 , pp. 825 - 834
Copyright
Copyright © 1996, The Clay Minerals Society

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