Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T21:12:08.544Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Expansion of Smectite by Hexadecyltrimethylammonium

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Seung Yeop Lee  and
Soo Jin Kim
Seung Yeop Lee*
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
Soo Jin Kim
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The adsorption of hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) in smectite was studied by adsorption isotherms, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Smectites that had reacted for 48 h with HDTMA cations equivalent to 0.2–3.0 times the cation exchange capacity (CEC) were converted to HDTMA-exchanged smectites with various d-spacings. Study of HDTMA-smectites by HRTEM suggests that the HDTMA adsorption results in interlayer expansion with various d-spacings and irregular wavy layer structures. We believe that HDTMA loading beyond the CEC of smectite affects the structure of clay by the additional adsorption of HDTMA-Br− via hydrophobic bonding. Surfactant orientation probably depends on the quantity of surfactant in the interlayer. Our TEM study shows that the structure of the adsorbed HDTMA layer in the interlayers of smectite depends on the charge distribution and chemical composition of smectite.

Keywords

AdsorptionHexadecyltrimethylammoniumHigh-resolution Transmission Electron MicroscopyInterlayersSmectiteSurfactant
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 50 , Issue 4 , August 2002 , pp. 435 - 445
Copyright
Copyright © 2002, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Ahn, J.H. and Peacor, D.R., (1986) Transmission electron microscope data for rectorite: implications for the origin and structure of ‘fundamental particles’ Clays and Clay Minerals 34 180–186 10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340208.Google Scholar
Banfield, J.F. and Eggleton, R.A., (1988) Transmission electron microscope study of biotite weathering Clays and Clay Minerals 36 47–60 10.1346/CCMN.1988.0360107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bohmer, M.R. and Koopal, L.K., (1992) Adsorption of ionic surfactants on variable-charge surfaces. 1. Charge effects and structure of the adsorbed layer Langmuir 8 2649–2659 10.1021/la00047a014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S.A. Mortland, M.M. and Chiou, C.T., (1988) Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite Soil Science Society of America Journal 52 652–657 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200030010x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brindley, G.W. and Hoffmann, R.W., (1962) Orientation and packing of aliphatic chain molecules on montmorillonite Clays and Clay Minerals 9 546–556 10.1346/CCMN.1960.0090140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brixie, J.M. and Boyd, S.A., (1994) Treatment of contaminated soils with organoclays to reduce leachable pentachlorophenol Journal of Environmental Quality 23 1283–1289 10.2134/jeq1994.00472425002300060023x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cases, J.M. and Villieras, F., (1992) Thermodynamic model of ionic and nonionic surfactant adsorption-abstraction on heterogeneous surfaces Langmuir 8 1251–1264 10.1021/la00041a005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cetin, K. and Huff, W.D., (1995) Characterization of untreated and alkylammonium ion exchanged illite/smectite by high resolution transmission electron microscopy Clays and Clay Minerals 43 337–345 10.1346/CCMN.1995.0430308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, Y.L. Chen, S. Frank, C. and Israelachvili, J., (1992) Molecular mechanisms and kinetics during the self-assembly of surfactant layers Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 153 244–265 10.1016/0021-9797(92)90316-E.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guthrie, G.D. and Veblen, D.R., (1990) Interpreting one-dimensional high-resolution transmission electron micrographs of sheet silicates by computer simulation American Mineralogist 75 276 288.Google Scholar
Hendershot, W.H. and Duquette, M., (1986) A simple barium chloride method for determining cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations Soil Science Society of America Journal 50 605–608 10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000030013x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Israelachvili, J.N., (1991) Intermolecular and Surface Forces 2nd San Diego, California Academic Press 450 pp.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. Weiss, A. and Heller, L., (1969) Determination of the layer charge in mica-type layer silicates Proceedings of the International Clay Conference, Tokyo Jerusalem Israel University Press 61 80.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. and Mermut, A.R., (1994) Layer charge determination by alkylammonium ions Layer Charge Characteristics of 2:1 Silicate Clay Minerals Boulder, Colorado The Clay Minerals Society 2 46.Google Scholar
Laird, D.A. and Mermut, A.R., (1994) Evaluation of the structural formula and alkylammonium methods of determining layer charge Layer Charge Characteristics of 2:1 Silicate Clay Minerals Boulder, Colorado The Clay Minerals Society 80 103.Google Scholar
Lee, J.F. Crum, J. and Boyd, S.A., (1989) Enhanced retention of organic contaminants by soils exchanged with organic cations Environmental Science and Technology 23 1365–1372 10.1021/es00069a006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J.H. and Peacor, D.R., (1986) Expansion of smectite by laurylamine hydrochloride: ambiguities in transmission electron microscope observations Clays and Clay Minerals 34 69–73 10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, Z. and Bowman, R.S., (1997) Counterion effects on the sorption of cationic surfactant and chromate on natural clinoptilolite Environmental Science and Technology 31 2407–2412 10.1021/es9610693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marcks, C.H. Wachsmuth, H. and Reichenbach, H.V., (1989) Preparation of vermiculites for HRTEM Clay Minerals 24 23–32 10.1180/claymin.1989.024.1.02.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortland, M.M. Shaobai, S. and Boyd, S.A., (1986) Clay-organic complexes as adsorbents for phenol chlorophenols Clays and Clay Minerals 34 581–585 10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosen, M.J., (1989) Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena New York John Wiley & Sons 431 pp.Google Scholar
Smith, J.A. Jaffe, P.R. and Chiou, C.T., (1990) Effect of ten quaternary ammonium cations on tetrachloromethane sorption to clay from water Environmental Science and Technology 24 1167–1172 10.1021/es00078a003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theng, B.K.G., (1974) The Chemistry of Clay-Organic Reactions London Adam Hilger 343 pp.Google Scholar
Vali, H. and Köster, H.M., (1986) Expanding behaviour, structural disorder, regular and random irregular interstratification of 2:1 layer-silicates studied by high-resolution images of transmission electron microscopy Clay Minerals 21 827–859 10.1180/claymin.1986.021.5.01.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, S. and Boyd, S.A., (1995) Cationic surfactant adsorption by swelling and non-swelling layer silicates Langmuir 11 2508–2514 10.1021/la00007a033.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Z.Z. Sparks, D.L. and Scrivner, N.C., (1993) Sorption and desorption of quaternary amine cations on clays Environmental Science and Technology 27 1625–1631 10.1021/es00045a020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar