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Effects of Exchange Cations and Layer-Charge Location on Cysteine Retention by Smectites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Maria Franca Brigatti ,
Cristina Lugli ,
Stefano Montorsi  and
Luciano Poppi
Maria Franca Brigatti
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via S. Eufemia 19, 41100 Modena, Italy
Cristina Lugli
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via S. Eufemia 19, 41100 Modena, Italy
Stefano Montorsi
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via S. Eufemia 19, 41100 Modena, Italy
Luciano Poppi
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via S. Eufemia 19, 41100 Modena, Italy
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Abstract

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This study investigates the complexes formed between amino acids, which are the natural degradation products of organic matter, and smectites. Thus, the adsorption and desorption behavior of cysteine and Na-, Ca-, Cu-homoionic smectites with different layer-charge location, a montmorillonite, and a beidellite, were studied. The clay samples were treated with Na, Ca, and Cu 1 N solutions and then with a 0.2 M cysteine solution. To test smectite-cysteine stability at acidic pH, the solids obtained were repeatedly treated with distilled water acidified to pH = 5. All treated samples were characterized by thermal, X-ray diffraction, chemical, and infrared analyses. The results showed that: 1) Na- and Ca-rich smectites adsorbed and retained small amounts of cysteine, and did not show interlayer cation-cysteine complexes, whereas the amino acid was strongly retained in the interlayer by Cu-rich smectites; 2) d(001)-values for Na- and Ca-rich smectites showed little or no expansion, whereas for the Cu-rich smectites the intercalation of the organic molecule produced a swelling of the structure; 3) the interaction mechanism of homoionic smectites with cysteine in an aqueous medium occurs by weak interactions, (e.g., van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and other electrostatic forces such as entropy-driven hydrophobic bonding), and/or by complexes involving interlayer cations and organic ligands. The formation of a stable chelate complex with the saturating ion permits cysteine to be adsorbed by Cu(II)-rich smectites and to be resistant to migration in soils and groundwaters.

Keywords

CysteineCMS Source Clay SAz-1FTIRHomoionic SmectitesLayer ChargeThermal AnalysisXRD
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 5 , October 1999 , pp. 664 - 671
Copyright
Copyright © 1999, The Clay Minerals Society

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