Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T01:16:43.236Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of the Presence of Aluminum Ions in Iron Solutions on the Formation of Iron Oxyhydroxides (FeOOH) at Room Temperature Under Acidic Environment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

S. Shah Singh  and
Hideomi Kodama
S. Shah Singh
Affiliation:
Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Research Branch Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6 Canada
Hideomi Kodama
Affiliation:
Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Research Branch Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6 Canada
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The hydrolytic behavior of Fe solutions at room temperature under acidic conditions was investigated. In the presence of Al ions, with Cl and NO3 as associated anions, the Fe hydrolysis began almost instantaneously and a crystalline β-FeOOH (akaganeite) was formed in the AlCl3/FeCl3 system within a short period. Initially the particles were small with large surface area. However, with time the particles grew in size and the surface area decreased. After about 42 days of equilibration, the akaganeite particles grew to 60–300 nm long, 10–50 nm wide and with a surface area of 55 m2/g, which is similar to other reports for akaganeite prepared at higher temperatures. In the NO3 system [Al(NO3)3/Fe(NO3)3], lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) and goethite (α-FeOOH) were formed. In a mixed anion system (Cl/NO3) solid phases identified were akaganeite (β-FeOOH) and lepidocrocite (γ,-FeOOH). The introduction of poly-nuclear hydroxy-Al along with monomer Al in Cl and NO3 systems of Fe affected the quantity and quality of the solid phase. The crystallinity of β-FeOOH formed in the presence of polynuclear hydroxy-Al ions in a Cl-system was more disordered than when it formed in the presence of monomer Al-ions alone. In NO3 systems, polynuclear hydroxy-Al hindered the formation of goethite (α-FeOOH). Our experiments showed that Fe oxyhydroxides crystallize readily under acidic conditions in the presence of Al ions and the data also indicated that the Cl was essential for the crystallization of akaganeite, whereas goethite was formed in those systems when Cl was absent.

Keywords

AkaganeiteAluminumHydroxy-aluminum ionsIron hydrolysisTransmission electron microscopyX-ray diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 42 , Issue 5 , October 1994 , pp. 606 - 613
Copyright
Copyright © 1994, Clay Minerals Society

Footnotes

1

Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research Contribution 93-53.

References

Borggaard, O. K., (1983) Extraction of amorphous iron oxide by EDTA from a mixture of akaganeite β-FeOOH and amorphous iron oxide: Acta Chem. Scand. A37: 169–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burns, R. G., and Burns, V. M., (1977) Mineralogy: in Marine Manganese Deposits, Glasby, G. P., ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam , 185 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R. M., and Giovanoli, R., (1988) Acid dissolution of akaganeite and lepidocrocite; The effect of crystal morphology: Clays and Clay Minerals 36: 385–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R. M., and Giovanoli, R., (1989) Effect of cobalt on the formation of crystalline iron oxides from ferrihydrite in alkaline media: Clays and Clay Minerals 36: 358–390.Google Scholar
Cornell, R. M., Giovanoli, R., and Schneider, W., (1989) Review of the hydrolysis of iron (III) and the crystallization of amorphous iron (III) hydroxide: J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 46: 115–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R. M., Posner, A. M., and Quirk, J. P., (1974) Crystal morphology and the dissolution of goethite: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 36: 1937–1946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gallagher, K. J., (1970) The atomic structure of tubular subcrystals of β-Iron (III) oxide hydroxide: Nature 226: 1225–1228.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
González-Calbet, J. M., Alario-Franco, M. A., and Gayoso-Andrade, M., (1981) The porous structure of synthetic akaganeite: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 43: 257–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
JCPDS (1989) Mineral Powder Diffraction: File, 34–1266. International Centre for Diffraction Data, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.Google Scholar
Mackay, A. L., (1960) β-ferric oxyhydroxide: Mineralogical Magazine 32: 545–557.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackay, A. L., (1962) β-ferric oxyhydroxide-akaganeite: Mineralogical Magazine 33: 270–280.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackenzie, R. C., (1970) Differential Thermal Analysis, Vol. 1, Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Okura, T., Goto, K., and Yotuyanagi, T., (1962) Forms of aluminum determined by an 8-quinolinolate extraction method: Anal. Chem. 34: 581–582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paterson, E., and Tait, J. M., (1977) Nitrogen adsorption on synthetic akaganeite and its structural implications: Clay Min. 12: 345–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paterson, E., Swaffield, R., and Clark, D. R., (1982) Thermal decomposition of synthetic akaganeite (β-FeOOH): Thermochimica Acta 54: 210–211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwertmann, U., (1990) Some properties of soil and synthetic iron oxides: in Soil Colloids and Their Associations in Aggregates, De Boodt, M. F., Hays, M. H. B., and Herbillon, A., eds., Plenum Press, New York, 57–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwertmann, U., and Fischer, W. R., (1973) Natural'amorphous' ferric hydroxide: Geoderma 10: 237–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwertmann, U., and Taylor, R. M., (1977) Iron oxides: in Minerals in Soil Environments, Dixon, J. B., and Weed, S. B., eds., Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, 379–438.Google Scholar
Singh, S. S., and Kodama, H., (1988) Reactions of polynuclear hydroxyaluminum cations with montmorillonite and the formation of a 28-Å pillared complex: Clays and Clay Minerals 36: 398–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soderquist, R., and Jansson, S., (1966) On an X-ray and electron microscope study of precipitates formed by the hydrolyses of iron (III) in 0.5 M NaCl ionic medium: Acta Chem. Scand. 20: 1417–1418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, R. M., and McKenzie, R. M., (1980) The influence of aluminum on iron oxides. VI. The formation of Fe (II)-Al (III) hydroxychlorides, sulfates, and carbonates as new members of the pyroaurite group and their significance in soils: Clay and Clay Minerals 28: 179–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, R. M., and Schwertmann, U., (1974) Maghemite in soils and its origin. II. Maghemite synthesis at ambient temperature and pH 7: Clay Miner. 10: 299–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, R. M., and Schwertmann, U., (1978) The influence of aluminum on iron oxides. 1. The influence of Al on Fe oxide formation from the Fe(II) system: Clays and Clay Minerals 26: 373–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, R. C., (1969) Three forms of aluminum in aqueous systems determined by 8-quinolinolate extraction methods: Can. J. Chem. 47: 2521–2527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar