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Characterization of Hydroxy-Interlayered Vermiculite and Illite/Smectite Interstratified Minerals from the Weathering of Chlorite in a Cryorthod

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Dominique Righi ,
Sabine Petit  and
Alain Bouchet
Dominique Righi
Affiliation:
UA 721, CNRS, Laboratoires de Pédologie et Pétrologie de la Surface, Faculté des Sciences, 86022 Poitiers-Cedex, France
Sabine Petit
Affiliation:
UA 721, CNRS, Laboratoires de Pédologie et Pétrologie de la Surface, Faculté des Sciences, 86022 Poitiers-Cedex, France
Alain Bouchet
Affiliation:
ERM, Mérovée, BP25, 86320, Civaux, France
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Abstract

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X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and chemical analyses were performed on clay fractions (1–2 µm, <0.1 µm), separated by means of size fractionations and high-gradient magnetic separation techniques, from a Cryorthod developed in a chlorite-mica schist saprolite. Weathering of large phyllosilicates pre-existing in the saprolite involves physical fragmentation and mineralogical transformations. Chloritic minerals in the coarse fractions were the most affected by physical breakdown, while micas were generally preserved. As a consequence, a concentration of mica layers occurred in the coarse clay fraction, while chloritic residues accumulated in the fine clays. These residues exhibited the typical XRD pattern of hydroxy-interlayered intergrade minerals, but the interlayered contaminants were found to be mainly hydroxy-Mg cations. Further mineralogical transformations of the intergrade minerals involved the progressive removal of the hydroxide interlayered sheet and dissolution of chloritic layers. Illite/smectite mixed-layers were formed in the surface horizon of the soil profile. These processes were associated with a strong decrease in Fe and Mg contents in the clay fractions.

Keywords

ChloriteHydroxy-interlayered intergradesIllite/smectite mixed-layersSoil claysSpodosol
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 41 , Issue 4 , August 1993 , pp. 484 - 495
Copyright
Copyright © 1993, The Clay Minerals Society

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