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Application of chemical geothermometry to low-temperature trioctahedral chlorites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Atsuyuki Inoue ,
Alain Meunier ,
Patricia Patrier-Mas ,
Cecile Rigault ,
Daniel Beaufort  and
Philippe Vieillard
Atsuyuki Inoue*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Hydr’ASA, UMR 6532 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
Alain Meunier
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Hydr’ASA, UMR 6532 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
Patricia Patrier-Mas
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Hydr’ASA, UMR 6532 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
Cecile Rigault
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Hydr’ASA, UMR 6532 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
Daniel Beaufort
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Hydr’ASA, UMR 6532 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
Philippe Vieillard
Affiliation:
Laboratoire Hydr’ASA, UMR 6532 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
*
†Permanent address: Department of Earth Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Abstract

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Low-temperature chlorites formed in diagenetic to low-grade metamorphic environments generally have greater Si contents and larger numbers of octahedral vacancies, and smaller Fe+Mg contents than higher-grade metamorphic chlorites. The compositional variations are characterized approximately by four end-member components: Al-free trioctahedral chlorite, chamosite, corundophilite, and sudoite. The solid solution is considered to be a random mix of cations and vacancies in the octahedral sites. Using the compositions of chlorites from Niger, Rouez, and Saint Martin diagenetic-hydrothermal series, a new, more convenient geothermometer, applicable to low-T chlorites is proposed and comparison made with geothermometers proposed previously. The chlorites studied contain appreciable amounts of Fe(III) (>14% of the total Fe), determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The calculations under which all Fe was regarded as ferrous gave considerable overestimates for the formation temperature, irrespective of the geothermometer used. This problem was reduced by taking into account the presence of Fe(III) in the octahedral sites. The geothermometer from this study gave more reasonable estimates than the geothermometers proposed by Walshe (1986) and Vidal et al. (2001), particularly in the case of the Niger chlorites which crystallized in the lowest-temperature conditions. The ordered-site substitution model of solid solution developed by Vidal et al. (2001) predicted satisfactorily the formation temperature of the Rouez chlorites and of some of the Saint Martin chlorites, suggesting that the chlorite compositions are controlled by the exchange at low-T conditions while they are controlled by Tschermak exchange at higher temperatures. The decreasing number of vacancies with temperature are poorer in Fe-rich than in Fe-poor chlorites. Furthermore, the ordered-site occupation of cations and vacancies in trioctahedral chlorite occurs concomitantly with the compositional changes ruled by increasing temperature conditions.

Keywords

ChloriteDiagenesisFerric IronGeothermometryHydrothermal AlterationLow-grade MetamorphismMössbauer SpectroscopySolid Solution
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 57 , Issue 3 , June 2009 , pp. 371 - 382
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2009

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