Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T20:45:55.074Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Adsorption of Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene by Two Tetramethylammonium-Smectites Having Different Charge Densities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Jiunn-Fwu Lee ,
Max M. Mortland ,
Cary T. Chiou ,
Daniel E. Kile  and
Stephen A. Boyd
Jiunn-Fwu Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
Max M. Mortland
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
Cary T. Chiou
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25046, MS 407, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80025
Daniel E. Kile
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25046, MS 407, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80025
Stephen A. Boyd*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
*
3Corresponding author.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A high-charge smectite from Arizona [cation-exchange capacity (CEC) = 120 meq/100 g] and a low-charge smectite from Wyoming (CEC = 90 meq/100 g) were used to prepare homoionic tetra-methylammonium (TMA)-clay complexes. The adsorption of benzene, toluene, and o-xylene as vapors by the dry TMA-clays and as solutes from water by the wet TMA-clays was studied. The adsorption of the organic vapors by the dry TMA-smectite samples was strong and apparently consisted of interactions with both the aluminosilicate mineral surfaces and the TMA exchange ions in the interlayers. In the adsorption of organic vapors, the closer packing of TMA ions in the dry high-charge TMA-smectite, compared with the dry low-charge TMA-smectite, resulted in a somewhat higher degree of shape-selective adsorption of benzene, toluene, and xylene. In the presence of water, the adsorption capacities of both samples for the aromatic compounds were significantly reduced, although the uptake of benzene from water by the low-charge TMA-smectite was still substantial. This lower sorption capacity was accompanied by increased shape-selectivity for the aromatic compounds. The reduction in uptake and increased selectivity was much more pronounced for the water-saturated, high-charge TMA-smectite than for the low-charge TMA-smectite. Hydration of the TMA exchange ions and/or the mineral surfaces apparently reduced the accessibility of the aromatic molecules to interlamellar regions. The resulting water-induced sieving effect was greater for the high-charge TMA-smectite due to the higher density of exchanged TMA-ions. The low-charge Wyoming TMA-smectite was a highly effective adsorbent for removing benzene from water and may be useful for purifying benzene-contaminated water.

Keywords

AdsorptionAromatic hydrocarbonsBenzeneCharge densitySmectiteTetramethylammoniumWater
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 2 , April 1990 , pp. 113 - 120
Copyright
Copyright © 1990, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Barrer, R. M. and Perry, G. S., 1961 Sorption of mixtures and selectivity in alkylammonium montmorillonite, Part II. Tetramethylammonium montmorillonite J. Chem. Soc. 850 – 858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S. A., Lee, J. F. and Mortland, M. M., 1988 Attenuating organic contaminant mobility by soil modification Nature 333 345 – 347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S. A., Mortland, M. M. and Chiou, C. T., 1988 Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexa-decyltrimethylammonium-smectite Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 52 652 – 657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S. A., Sun, S., Lee, J. F. and Mortland, M. M., 1988 Pentachlorophenol sorption by organo-clays Clays & Clay Minerals 36 125 – 130.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brunauer, S., 1944 The Adsorption of Gases and Vapors Oxford Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Call, F., 1957 The mechanism of sorption of ethylene di-bromide on moist soils J. Sci. Food Agric. 8 630 – 639.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiou, C. T., Kile, D. E. and Malcolm, R. L., 1988 Sorption of vapors of some organic liquids on soil humic acid and its relation to partitioning of organic compounds in soil organic matter Environ. Sci. Technol. 22 298 – 303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chiou, C. T. and Shoup, T. D., 1985 Soil sorption of organic vapors and effects of humidity on sorptive mechanism and capacity Environ. Sci. Technol. 19 1196 – 1200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jurinak, J. J., 1957 The effect of clay minerals and exchangeable cations on the adsorption of ethylene dibromide vapor Soil Sci. Amer. Proc. 21 599 – 602.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, J. F., Mortland, M. M., Chiou, C. T. and Boyd, S. A., 1989 Shape selective adsorption of aromatic molecules from water by tetramethylammonium-smectite J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 85 2953 – 2962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAtee, J. L. Jr. and Harris, B. R., 1977 Gas chromatographic pathway for certain chloro-aklylammonium mont-morillonites Clays & Clay Minerals 25 90 – 93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McBride, M. B., Pinnavaia, T. J., Mortland, M. M. and Suffet, I. H., 1977 Adsorption of aromatic molecules by clays in aqueous suspension Fate of Pollutants in the Air and Water Environments, Part I, Vol. 8 New York Wiley 145 – 154.Google Scholar
Mortland, M. M., Sun, S. and Boyd, S. A., 1986 Clay-organic complexes as adsorbents for phenol and chlor-phenols Clays & Clay Minerals 34 581 – 586.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Olphen, H. V. and Fripiat, J. J., 1979 Data Handbook for Clay Materials and Other Non-metallic Minerals New York Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
White, D. and Cowan, C. T., 1958 The sorption properties of dimethyldioctadecylammonium bentonite using gas chromatography Trans. Faraday Soc. 54 557 – 561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, T. A., Demirel, T. and Baumann, E. R., 1985 Interaction of aliphatic amines with montmorillonite to enhance adsorption of organic pollutants Clay & Clay Minerals 33 301 – 311.CrossRefGoogle Scholar