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Review of the application of infrared spectroscopy in studies of acid-treated clay minerals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 December 2024

Jana Madejová Open the ORCID record for Jana Madejová [Opens in a new window]  and
Helena Pálková Open the ORCID record for Helena Pálková [Opens in a new window]
Jana Madejová*
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
Helena Pálková
Affiliation:
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, SK-845 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
Corresponding author: Jana Madejová; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Acid activation of clay minerals is one of the most effective methods for production of materials with increased acidity and porosity. In this review, the benefits of infrared (IR) spectroscopy in studies of acid-treated clay minerals are demonstrated. Protons penetrating into the clay mineral layers evoke structural modifications that can be followed readily by changes in the characteristic absorption bands attributed to the vibrations of the OH and Si–O groups. In the first part of the review the effect of the clay mineral type, composition, layer charge, non-swelling layers, and organo-modification on the dissolution rate is reported. The identification of the acid sites via pyridine adsorption also included. The purpose was to gather the IR results published in previous studies in a single summary paper. In the second part select recent studies reporting the utilization of IR spectroscopy for the characterization of acid-activated clay minerals, mainly applied as catalysts or adsorbents, are discussed. IR spectroscopy as a simple and non-destructive technique deserves attention also today.

Keywords

acid activationadsorbentscatalystsinfrared spectrastructural changes
Type
Review
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Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 72 , 2024 , e30
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© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Clay Minerals Society

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