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Research on Evolution of Clay Minerals and Argillaceous and Siliceous Neoformation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Georges Millot ,
Jacques Lucas  and
Raymond Wey
Georges Millot
Affiliation:
Université de Strasbourg Laboratoire de Géologie et Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Sols, France
Jacques Lucas
Affiliation:
Université de Strasbourg Laboratoire de Géologie et Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Sols, France
Raymond Wey
Affiliation:
Université de Strasbourg Laboratoire de Géologie et Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Sols, France
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Abstract

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The following recent work is reviewed.

In the Triassic basin of the Jura detrital illite changes into chlorite (chlorite and chloritie mixed layers) toward the middle of the basin.

In the profiles of podzolic soils and podzols, illite and chlorite change, through illite— vermiculite and chlorite-vermiculite stages, into vermiculite.

In Cambrian sandstones of the Sahara two successive diagenetic changes have taken place: early postdepositional kaolinization, and illitization by salt waters.

Neoformation of aluminomagnesian clays in the alkaline sediments of the Eocene basins in Africa produces a sedimentary and geochemical sequence of montmorillonite, attapulgite and sepiolite.

When siliceous neoformation is produced by crystal growth, the growth is regular in the production of quartz, and irregular or hindered in the formation of chalcedony or opal-cristobalite.

Kaolinite has been synthesized at low temperatures in dilute solutions.

Transformations of triphormic clay minerals in the hydrosphere consist of a progressive expansion of layers. Environment controls the equilibrium between interlayer cations and adjacent layers. Siliceous and argillaceous neoformation consists of organization of silica tetrahedrons; this organization depends on the environment and especially on the environmental cations. Transformation by diagenesis is more intense and allows direct passage from illite to kaolinite.

Type
General Sessions
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 10 , February 1961 , pp. 399 - 412
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 1961

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