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In situ synthesis of zeolites by geopolymerization with NaOH/KOH mixed solution and their potential application for Cd(II) immobilization in paddy soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2021

Di Wu ,
Yi Huang ,
Guqing Xiao ,
Xuan Li ,
Xia Yao ,
Zixuan Deng  and
Rui Tan
Di Wu
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
Yi Huang*
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
Guqing Xiao
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
Xuan Li
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
Xia Yao
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
Zixuan Deng
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
Rui Tan
Affiliation:
School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang 413002, China
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Geopolymers can be transformed into zeolites under certain synthesis conditions. However, zeolite formation is not frequently reported in KOH-activated geopolymers. This study attempted to explore zeolite synthesis through geopolymerization for a curing time of 24 h using mixed NaOH/KOH alkaline solution as an activator, and then applying the geopolymer-supported zeolites to immobilize Cd(II) in paddy soil. The K2O/M2O–H2O/SiO2 and K2O/M2O–OH–/SiO2 binary zeolite crystallization phase diagrams were obtained. Zeolite A, faujasite and sodalite formed at lower K2O/M2O molar ratios (0–0.2), ferrierite formation was favoured at a K2O/M2O molar ratio of 0.2–0.4 and zeolite K-I and zeolite F-K (both K-zeolites) were observed at a K2O/M2O molar ratio of 0.6. The geopolymer-supported zeolites had micropores and mesopores and specific surface area values of 44.2–74.8 m2 g–1. The material displayed a considerable Cd(II) immobilization efficiency (55.6–58.7% at 4–6 wt.% addition of zeolite).

Keywords

available potassiumCd(II) immobilizationgeopolymerin situ zeolite synthesisNaOH/KOH mixed alkaline solution
Type
Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 56 , Issue 2 , June 2021 , pp. 156 - 167
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Lawrence Warr

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