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Formation of hydroxy-interlayer vermiculite (HIV) in rhizosphere soils under German camomile cultivation and manure application

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2018

Z. Mosleh ,
M. H. Salehi ,
M. Rafieiolhossaini  and
A. Mehnatkesh
Z. Mosleh
Affiliation:
Soil Science Dept., College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
M. H. Salehi*
Affiliation:
Soil Science Dept., College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
M. Rafieiolhossaini
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
A. Mehnatkesh
Affiliation:
Shahrekord, Iran
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study examines the effect of German camomile (Matricaria camomilla L.) cultivation on the weathering of minerals present in the clay fraction of five different soil series modified or not unmodified (control) with cattle manure. A factorial experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. At harvest time the rhizosphere soil was separated from bulk soil and the mineralogy was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Trioctahedral chlorite transformed to hydroxy-interlayer vermiculite (HIV), while kaolinite disappeared. The presence of HIV was identified by an increase in the intensity ratio of the 1.0 and 1.4 nm peaks after Na-citrate pretreatment and K-saturation. It is suggested that Al3+ is released during dissolution of kaolinite and subsequently enters into the interlayer sheet of chlorite, and consequently the brucite layer disappears. This was verified by a significant Mg2+ increase in the soil solution in three out of five experiments at harvest time compared to pre-planting. The pots amended with manure showed the same changes as the pots without manure. The results of this study may explain the presence of unexpected clay minerals in regions with unsuitable conditions for their formation.

Keywords

German camomilehydroxy-interlayer vermiculiterhizosphereX-ray diffraction
Type
The 14th George Brown Lecture
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 49 , Issue 1 , March 2014 , pp. 63 - 73
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2014

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