Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T20:35:31.580Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Evaluation of the energy barrier for dehydration of homoionic (Li, Na, Cs, Mg, Ca, Ba, Alx(OH)yz+ and La)-montmorillonite by a differentiation method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

M. Zabat*
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche sur la Matière Divisée, CNRS et Université d'Orléans 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
H. Van Damme
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche sur la Matière Divisée, CNRS et Université d'Orléans 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, France
*

Abstract

The thermal energy necessary for the removal of molecular water from Li+-, Na+-, Cs+-, Mg2+-, Ca2+-, Ba2+-, Alx(OH)yz+- and La3+-homoionic montmorillonite powders was determined by thermogravimetric analysis under atmospheric pressure. The weight loss curves and their derivatives exhibit one or several features related to the various populations of water molecules. The activation energy for water removal, which is the sum of the adsorption energy and the activation energy for diffusion, was calculated in each case using a simple first-order differentiation method. The results allow the physisorbed water and the water coordinated to the cations to be clearly separated. For the later population and with the exception of the Na-clay, a good correlation was found between the temperatures and activation energies for water removal and the polarizing power of the cations. Comparison with the results of mechanical tests performed on similar samples suggests that the creep of smectite clays is not controlled by mobility of the individual water molecules but by the mobility of the interlayer cations surrounded by their hydration shell.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bordère, S., Rouquerol, F., Rouquerol, J., Estienne, J. & Floreancig, A. (1990) Kinetical possibilities of controlled transformation rate thermal analysis (CRTA). J. Thermal Anal. 36, 1651–1668.Google Scholar
Brindley, G.W. & Sempels, R.E. (1977) Preparation and properties of some hydroxy-aluminium beidellites. Clay Miner. 12, 229–237.Google Scholar
Dzidic, J. & Kebarle, P. (1970) Hydration of the alkali ions in the gas phase. Enthalpies and entropies of reactions M+(H2O)n-1 + H2O = M+(H2O)n . J. Phys. Chem. 71, 1466–1473.Google Scholar
Freeman, E.S. & Carroll, B. (1958) The application of thermoanalytical techniques to reaction kinetics. J. Phys. Chem. 62, 394–397.Google Scholar
Güven, N. (1992) Molecular aspects of clay-water interactions. Pp. 2–79 in: Clay-Water Interface and its Rheological Implications (Güven, N. & Pollastro, R.M., editors). The Clay Minerals Society, Boulder, Colorado, USA.Google Scholar
Mackenzie, R.C. (1981) Thermoanalytical methods in clay studies. Pp. 5–29 in: Advanced Techniques for Clay Mineral Analysis (Fripiat, J.J., editor). Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Plée, D., Gatineau, L. & Fripiat, J.J. (1987) Pillaring processes of smectites with and without tetrahedral substitution. Clays Clay Miner. 35, 81–88.Google Scholar
Poinsignon, C., Yvon, J. & Mercier, R. (1982) Dehydration energy of the exchangeable cations in montmorillonite–a DTA study. Israel J. Chem. 22, 253–255.Google Scholar
Rouquerol, J. (1989) Controlled transformation rate thermal analysis. Thermochim. Ada, 144, 209–218 Google Scholar
Van Olphen, H. (1963) An Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry. Wiley Interscience, New York.Google Scholar
Zabat, M., Vayer-Besancon, M., Harba, R., Bonnamy, S. & Van Damme, H. (1997) Surface topography and mechanical properties of smectite films. Progr. Colloid Polym. Sci. 105, 96–102.Google Scholar