Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T20:44:16.653Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Effect of saturating cation on tactoid size distribution in bentonite suspensions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

W. R. Whalley
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Aberdeen, AB9 2UE, Scotland
C. E. Mullins
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Aberdeen, AB9 2UE, Scotland

Abstract

Centrifugal photosedimentation was used to determine the size distribution of dilute bentonite suspensions as a function of saturating cation. This method is shown to give a better estimate of the effect of saturating cation on tactoid size than the techniques that are currently used. The results indicate that tactoids may occur in preferred size ranges.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allen, T. (1981) Particle Size Measurement. 3rd edition. Chapman & Hall. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banin, A. & Lahav, N. (1968a) Particle size and optical properties of montmorillonite in suspension. Israel J. Chem., 6, 235–250.Google Scholar
Banin, A. & Lahav, N. (1968b) Optical study of particle size of montmorillonite with various adsorbed cations. Nature,, 217, 1146–1147.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ben-Dor, E. & Singer, A. (1987) Optical density of vertical clay suspensions in relation to sediment volumes and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate-extractable iron. Clays Clay Miner., 35, 311–317 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coll, H. & Searls, C.G. (1987) Particle size analysis with the Joyee-Loeble disc centrifuge: a comparison of the line start with the homogeneous-start method. J. Coll. Interf, ScL,, 115, 121–129.Google Scholar
Debye, P. (1947) Molecular-weight determination by light scattering. J. Phys. Chem., 51, 18–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dufey, J.E. & Banin, A. (1979) Particle shape and size of two sodium calcium montmorillonite clays. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 43, 782–785.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, E. & Lagaly, G.H. (1979) Selective coagulation and mixed layer formation from sodium smectite solutions. Proc. bit. Clay Conf. Oxford,, 131140.Google Scholar
Gallily, I. & Cohen, A.H. (1976) On the stochastic nature of the motion of non-spherical aerosol particles. 1. The aerodynamic radius concept. J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 56, 44359.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, J.M. (1960) Scattering by non-spherical particles. J. Appl. Phys., 31, 82–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kerker, M. (1969) The Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Laffer, B.G., Posner, A.M. & Quirk, J.P. (1969) Optical density of montmorillonite suspensions during sodium- calcium exchange. J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 30, 355–358.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lahav, N. & Banin, A. (1970) Molecular weight of montmorillonite from optical transmission measurements. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc., 34, 358–361.Google Scholar
Mie, G. (1908) Beitrage zur Optik tiiber Medien speziell kolloidaler Metallosungen. Anna. Phys., 25, 377445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nadeau, P.H. (1985) The physical dimensions of fundamental clay particles. Clay Miner., 20, 499–514.Google Scholar
Rose, H.E. (1953) The Measurements of Particle Size in Very Fine Powders. Constable & Co. Google Scholar
Schramm, L.L. & Kwak, J.C.T. (1982) Influence of exchangeable cation composition on the size and shape of montmorillonite in dilute suspensions. Clays Clay Miner., 30, 40–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shainberg, I. & Otoh, H. (1968) Size and shape of montmorillonite particles saturated with Na/Ca ions (inferred from viscosity and optical measurements). Israel J. Chem., 6, 251–259.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shomer, I. & Mingelgrin, U. (1978) A direct procedure for determining the number of plates in tactoids of smectites. The Na/Ca montmorillonite case. Clays Clay Miner., 26, 135–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whalley, W.R. (1988) The theory and use of centrifugal photosedimentation for the particle size analysis of clays. PhD thesis, Aberdeen Univ., UK.Google Scholar