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Volcanoclastic minerals of some Czechoslovakian tonsteins and their alteration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

Z. Weiss ,
A. Baronnet  and
M. Chmielova
Z. Weiss
Affiliation:
Coal Research Institute, 716 07 Ostrava-Radvanice, Czechoslovakia
A. Baronnet
Affiliation:
Centre de Recherche sur les Mecanismes de la Croissance Cristalline, CNRS, Campus Luminy, Case 913, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France
M. Chmielova
Affiliation:
Coal Research Institute, 716 07 Ostrava-Radvanice, Czechoslovakia
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Abstract

In the Czechoslovak part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Ostrava-Karvina Coal Basin), only part of the Upper Carboniferous (Namurian A, B, C and Westphalian A) is well developed, and tonsteins, which are clayey rocks or claystones, occur as thin, clayey interlayers in the coal seams. Two types of primary volcanic mineral assemblages were identified in four tonstein samples from different coal seams; the first type is characterized by the presence of biotite and sanidine, and the second by the presence of biotite, bytownite and Ca-amphibole. All tonsteins studied contained kaolinite minerals, volcanic quartz grains, crystals of zircon and apatite. Separated biotite flakes with an admixture of kaolinite layers were identified as 1M polytype. The flakes without kaolinite minerals were identified as epitactic overgrowth of 1M and complex polytypes, and twinned crystals of 2M1 polytype. Kaolinization of biotite flakes was observed in all tonstein samples studied. Kaolinite single layers (7 Å) as well as two-layer polytype of kaolinite minerals (14 Å) sandwiched between biotite layers (10 Å) were identified by HRTEM imaging.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 27 , Issue 3 , September 1992 , pp. 269 - 282
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1992

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