Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-t5tsf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T19:04:50.227Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Transmission electron microscopy of hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged smectite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

Seung Yeop Lee  and
Soo Jin Kim
Seung Yeop Lee*
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
Soo Jin Kim
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The morphological and structural changes in smectite caused by hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) treatment were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The HDTMA-exchanged smectite shows not only morphological features such as irregular, wavy surface with curled edges, but also structural features such as large d-spacings (20 – 26 Å ) and lattice distortions. The surface morphological heterogeneity is assumed to be related to the inhomogeneous intercalation of HDTMA cations into the interlayer of smectite.

Keywords

smectitehexadecyltrimethylammoniumX-ray diffractiontransmission electron microscopymorphological heterogeneityinterlayer
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 37 , Issue 3 , September 2002 , pp. 465 - 471
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brindley, G.W. (1980) Order – Disorder in Clay Mineral Structures. Pp. 125–195 in: Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification (Brindley, G.W. & Brown, G., editors). Monograph 5, Mineralogical Society, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, Y.L., Chen, S., Frank, C. & Israelachvili, J. (1992) Molecular mechanisms and kinetics during the self assembly of surfactant layers. Journal of Collid and Interface Science, 153, 244–265.Google Scholar
Eggleton, R.A. & Banfield, J.F. (1985) The alteration of igneous biotite to chlorite. American Mineralogist, 70, 902–910.Google Scholar
Jaynes, W.F. & Vance, G.E. (1999) Sorption of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds by hectorite clays exchanged with aromatic organic cations. Clays and Clay Minerals, 47, 358–365.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. (1981) Characterization of clays by organic compounds. Clay Minerals, 16, 1–21.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. (1994) Layer charge determination by alkylammonium ions. Pp. 2–46 in. Layer Charge Characteristics of 2:1 Silicate Clay Minerals (A.R. Mermut, editor). CMS Workshop Lectures, vol. 6, The Clay Minerals Society, Boulder, CO.Google Scholar
Lee, J.H. & Peacor, D.R. (1986) Expansion of smectite by laurylamine hydrochloride: ambiguities in transmission electron microscope observations. Clays and Clay Minerals, 34, 69–73.Google Scholar
Li, Z. & Bowman, R.S. (1997) Counterion effects on the sorption of cationic surfactant and chromate on natural clinoptilolite. Environmental Science and Technology, 31, 2407–2412.Google Scholar
Li, Z. & Bowman, R.S. (1998) Sorption of perchloroethylene by surfactant-modified zeolite as controlled by surfactant loading. Environmental Science and Technology, 32, 2278–2282.Google Scholar
Ma, C. & Eggleton, R.A. (1999) Surface layer types of kaolinite: a high-resolution transmission electron microscopy study. Clays and Clay Minerals, 47, 181–191.Google Scholar
Moore, D.M. & Reynolds, R.C. (1997) X-ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals. Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 204–358.Google Scholar
Peacor, D.R. (1992) Analytical electron microscopy: X-ray analysis. Pp. 113–140 in. Minerals and Reactions at the Atomic Scale: Transmission Electron Microsco py (Buseck, P.R., editor). Reviews in Mineralogy, 27. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Jr.Reynolds, R.C., (1992) X-ray diffraction studies of illite/smectite from rocks, and <1 μm oriented powder aggregates: The absence of laboratoryinduced artifacts. Clays and Clay Minerals, 40, 387–396.Google Scholar
Sheng, G., Xu, S. & Boyd, S.A. (1997) Surface heterogeneity of trimethylphenylammonium-smectite as revealed by adsorption of aromatic hydrocarbons from water. Clays and Clay Minerals, 45, 659–669.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sheng, G. & Boyd, S.A. (2000) Polarity effect on dichlorobenzene sorption by hexadecyltrimethylammonium- exchanged clays. Clays and Clay Minerals, 48, 43–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, J.A. & Jaffe, P.R. (1994) Benzene transport through landfill liners containing organophilic bentonite. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 120, 1559–1577.Google Scholar
Vali, H. & Köster, H.M. (1986) Expanding behaviour, structural disorder, regular and random irregular interstratification of 2:1 layer-silicates studied by high-resolution images of transmission electron microscopy. Clay Minerals, 21, 827–859.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, S. & Boyd, S.A. (1995a) Cationic surfactant adsorption by swelling and nonswelling layer silicates. Langmuir, 11, 2508–2514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, S. & Boyd, S.A. (1995b) Alternative model for cationic surfactant adsorption by layer silicates. Environmental Science and Technology, 29, 3022–3028.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed