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Thermogravimetric, infrared and mass-spectroscopic analysis of the desorption of methanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol and 2-methylpropan-2-ol from montmorillonite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

C. Breen ,
J. J. Flynn  and
G. M. B. Parkes
C. Breen
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University‡, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
J. J. Flynn
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University‡, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
G. M. B. Parkes
Affiliation:
Catalysis Research Unit, Leeds Polytechnic, Calverley Street, Leeds LS1 3HE, UK
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Abstract

The desorption of methanol (MeOH), propan-1-ol (n-PrOH), propan-2-ol (i-PrOH) and 2-methylpropan-2-ol (t-BuOH) from Na+-, Ca2+-, Al3+-, Cr3+- and Fe3+-exchanged montmorillonite has been studied using variable temperature infrared (IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Alcohol-saturated trivalent cation (M3+) exchanged samples exhibit maxima in the derivative thermograms at 20 and 110°C (MeOH), 30 and 160°C (n-PrOH), 20 and 110°C (i-PrOH) and 20, 55 and 80°C (t-BuOH). Alcohol-saturated Na+ and Ca2+-exchanged montmorillonite samples exhibit maxima at higher temperatures in the i-PrOH (20 and 140°C) and t-BuOH (30, 90 and 110°C) desorption profiles but at the same temperatures for MeOH and n-PrOH. Mass spectroscopic analysis of the vapours desorbed from the alcohol-treated samples show that the low-temperature maxima in the alcohol desorption from the M3+-exchanged clays are due to unchanged alcohol, whilst those occurring at 80°C (t-BuOH), 110°C (i-PrOH) and 160°C (n-PrOH) are due, in the main, to alkene produced from the intramolecular dehydration of the respective alcohol. Changes in the IR spectra of the adsorbed alcohols occur at temperatures which are in accord with the mass spectral data. No mass spectral evidence was found for the formation of dialkylethers via the competing intermolecular process but dimerisation and oligomerisation of t-BuOH were observed.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 28 , Issue 1 , March 1993 , pp. 123 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1993

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