Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T15:12:15.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mineralogy, chemical characteristics and stabilities of Cetylpyridinium-exchanged smectite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

S. M. Koh ,
M. S. Song  and
T. Takagi
S. M. Koh*
Affiliation:
Geology and Geoinformation Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 305-350, Korea
M. S. Song
Affiliation:
Geology and Geoinformation Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 305-350, Korea
T. Takagi
Affiliation:
Research Center for Deep Geological Environments, Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan
*
*E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

CP (Cetylpyridinium)-exchanged smectite was manufactured by the cationic exchange reaction of Na-smectite with CP. The adsorption behaviour shows a typical L-type isotherm representing continuous and stable adsorption in excess of twice the cation exchange capacity of CP. CP-smectite shows a strong interlayer (d001) expansion to 40.2 Å when an amount of CP equivalent to 140% of the CEC is exchanged into smectite. CP-smectite is characterized by strong alkalinity (pH 9.3), low swelling (4.5 ml/2 g), low viscosity (3.9 mPa s), and strong and fast flocculation. These characteristics are in striking contrast to Na-smectite except for the alkalinity. CP-smectite shows no signs of desorption of the organic species under varying pH conditions (pH 2–12). Desorption is slight even when washed three times with DH2O (distilled water). Pyrolysis of CP-smectite begins at 250°C and ends at 400°C. These stable and persistent characteristics and the relatively low price of CP point to the likely increased use of CP-smectite as an organoclay.

Keywords

Cetylpyridinium (CP)smectiteinterlayer expansionstabilitypyrolysisindustrial use
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 40 , Issue 2 , June 2005 , pp. 213 - 222
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, M.A., Trouw, F.R. & Tam, C.N. (1999) Properties of water in calcium- and hexadecyltri-methylammonium-exchanged bentonite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 47, 28–35.Google Scholar
Bors, J., Dultz, S. & Riebe, B. (2000) Organophilic bentonites as adsorbents for radionuclides (I. Adsorption of ionic fission products). Applied Clay Science, 16, 1–13.Google Scholar
Boyd, S.A., Lee, J. & Mortland, M.M. (1988a) Attenuating organic contaminant mobility by soil modification. Nature, 333, 345–347.Google Scholar
Boyd, S.A., Mortland, M.M. & Chiou, C.T. (1988b) Sorption characteristics of organic compounds on hexadecyltrimethylammonium-smectite. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 52, 652–657.Google Scholar
Boyd, S.A., Shaobai, S., Lee, J. & Mortland, M.M. (1988c) Pentachlorophenol sorption by organoclays. Clays and Clay Minerals, 36, 125–130.Google Scholar
Brixie, J.M. & Boyd, S.A. (1994) Treatment of contaminated soils with organoclays to reduce leachable pentachlorophenol (organic chemicals in the environment). Journal of Environmental Quality, 23, 1283–1290.Google Scholar
Deng, Y. & Dixon, J.B. (2002) Soil organic matter and organic-mineral interactions. Pp. 69–107 in: Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Application. (J.B. Dixon & D.G. Schulze, editors). Book Series, 7. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.Google Scholar
Dultz, S. & Bore, J. (2000) Organophilic bentonites as adsorbents for radionuclides (II. Chemical and mineralogical properties of HDPy-montmorillonite). Applied Clay Science, 16, 15–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gates, W.P., Nefiodovas, A. & Peter, P. (2004) Permeability of an organo-modified bentonite to ethanol-water solutions. Clays and Clay Minerals, 52, 192–203.Google Scholar
Ijdo, W.L. & Pinnavaia, T.J. (1998) Staging of organic and inorganic gallery cations in layered silicate heterostructure. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 139, 281–289.Google Scholar
Jaynes, W.F. & Boyd, S.A. (1991) Clay mineral type and organic compound sorption by hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged clays. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55, 43–48.Google Scholar
Jaynes, W.F. & Vance, G.F. (1996) BTEX sorption by organo-clays: cosorptive enhancement and equivalence of interlayer complexes. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 60, 1742–1749.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, C.T. (1996) Sorption of organic compounds on clay minerals. Pp. 2-44. in: Organic Pollutants in the Environment. (B.L. Sawhney, editor). CMS Workshop Lectures Series, 8. The Clay Minerals Society, Boulder, CO, USA.Google Scholar
Koh, S.M. & Dixon, J.B. (2001) Preparation and application of organo-minerals as sorbents of phenol, benzene and toluene. Applied Clay Science, 18, 111–122.Google Scholar
Koh, S.M. & Je, E.J. (2001) Introduction and utilization of organo-clays. Mineral and Industry, 14, 48–61.Google Scholar
Koh, S.M. & Kim, J.Y. (2002) Comparison of some physicochemical properties and adsorption of organic cations between Ca- and Na-bentonites. Journal of Mineralogical Society of Korea, 15, 243–257.Google Scholar
Lawrence, M.A.M., Kukkadapu, R.K. & Boyd, S.A. (1998) Adsorption of phenol and chlorinated phenols form aqueous solution by tetradecylammonium and tertramethylphosphonium exchanged montmorillonite. Applied Clay Science, 13, 13–20.Google Scholar
Lee, J., Mortland, M.M., Chiou, C.T., Kile, D.E. & Boyd, S.A. (1990) Adsorption of benzene, toluene, and xylene by two tetramethylammonium-smectites having different charge densities. Clays and Clay Minerals, 38, 113–120.Google Scholar
Lee, S.Y. & Kim, S.J. (2002) Expansion of smectite by hexadecyltrimethylammonium. Clays and Clay Minerals, 50, 435–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S.Y. & Kim, S.J. (2003) Dehydration behaviors of hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged smectite. Clay Minerals, 38, 225–232.Google Scholar
Montgomery, D.M., Sollars, C.J., Sheriff, T.S. & Perry, R. (1988) Organophilic clays for the successful stabilization/solidification of problematic industrial wastes. Environmental Technology Letters, 9, 1403–1412.Google Scholar
Mortland, M.M. (1970) Clay-organic complexes and interactions. Advances in Agronomy, 22, 75–117.Google Scholar
Mortland, M.M., Shaobai, S. & Boyd, S.A. (1986) Clayorganic complexes as adsorbents for phenol and chlorophenols. Clays and Clay Minerals, 34, 581–585.Google Scholar
Sheriff, T.S., Sollars, C.J., Montgomery, D. & Perry, R. (1987) Modified clays for organic waste disposal. Environmental Technology Letters, 8, 501–514.Google Scholar
Smith, J.A. & Jaffe, P.R. (1994) Adsorptive selectivity of organic cation modified bentonite for nonionic organic contaminants. Water Air and Soil Pollution, 72, 205–211.Google Scholar
Sullivan, E.J., Hunter, D.B. & Bowman, R.S. (1997) Topological and thermal properties of surfactantmodified clinoptilolite studied by Tapping-Mode atomic force microscopy and high-resolution thermogravimetric analysis. Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 88–95.Google Scholar
Teppen, B.J., Yu, C. Miller, D. & Schafer, L. (1998) Molecular dynamics simulations of sorption of organic compounds at the clay mineral/aqueous solution interface. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 19, 144–153.3.0.CO;2-U>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, C.F. & Gehr, R. (1987) Desorption of cationic polyacrylamide from bleached kraft pulp fibers. Water Science and Technology, 19, 939–951.Google Scholar
Weiss, C.A. Larson, S.L. & Adams, J.W. (1998) Molecular modeling and experimental investigation of the sorption of triaminotoluene on clay soils. 35th Annnual Clay Minerals Society Meeting, Program and Abstracts, p. 37.Google Scholar
Zhang, Z.Z. & Sparks, D.L. (1993) Kinetics of phenol and aniline adsorption and desorption on an organo-clay. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 57, 340–345.Google Scholar