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The in Vitro cytotoxicity of some standard clay mineral dusts in the respirable size range

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

I. P. Gormley  and
J. Addison
I. P. Gormley
Affiliation:
Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Roxburgh Place, Edinburgh EH8 9SU, UK
J. Addison
Affiliation:
Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Roxburgh Place, Edinburgh EH8 9SU, UK
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Abstract

Seven natural clay minerals (two kaolinites, three montmorillonites, a hectorite and a palygorskite) were tested for their cytotoxicity in vitro using an established cytotoxicity assay. Cellular viability, levels of lactate dehydrogenase, N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, lactic acid and total cellular protein were measured in cells of the macrophage-like cell line, P388D1, after 48 h incubation with each clay. There was a significant relationship between BET/N2 surface area of the clays and cytotoxicity but in two cases the level of cytotoxicity was apparently influenced by the presence of quartz or cristobalite in the samples. Results are discussed in the light of the available animal and epidemiological data relating to clay minerals.

Resume

Resume

La cytotoxicité in vitro de sept argiles naturelles (deux kaolinites, trois montmorillonites, une hectorite et une palygorskite) a été examinée au moyen d'un test de cytotoxicité précis. La viabilité cellulaire, les taux en lactate de déshydrogénase, en N-acétyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, en acide lactique et en protéine cellulaire totale ont été mesurés dans des cellules de souche cellulaire du type macrophage, P388D1, après 48 heures d'incubation avec chaque argile. Il existe une relation significative entre la surface de l'argile, déterminée selon la méthode BET, et la cytotoxicité. Mais dans deux cas, le taux de cytotoxicité est apparemment influencé par la présence de quartz ou de cristobalite dans l'échantillon. Les résultats sont discutés à la lumière des données disponsibles en matière de physiologie animale et d'epidémiologie, en relation avec les argiles.

Kurzreferat

Kurzreferat

Die Cytotoxizität sieben natürlicher Tonminerale (2 Kaolinite, 3 Montmorillonit, 1 Hektorit und 1 Palygorskit) wurde unter Verwendung eines vorhandenen Tests in vitro überprüft. Die Lebensfähigkeit der Zellen, sowie Laktat Dehydrogenase, N-Acetyl-β-d-Glucosaminidase, Milchsäure und gesamtes Zellprotein wurden in Zellen des Makrophagen ähnlichen Stammes P388D1 nach einer 48-stündigen Inkubation mit jedem Tonmineral gemessen. Zwischen der BET-Oberfläche (N2) der Tone und der Cytotoxizität wurde eine signifikante Beziehung gefunden, aber in zwei Fällen wurde das Niveau der Cytotoxizität anscheinend auch durch die Gegenwart von Quarz oder cristobalit in den Proben beeinflußt. Die Ergebnisse werden im Hinblick auf die bereits bekannten Daten diskutiert.

Resumen

Resumen

Se ha comprobado la citotoxicidad in vitro, de siete arcillas naturales (dos caolinitas, tres montmorillonitas, una hectorita y una palygorskita), usando un ensayo tipo de citotoxicidad. Se han medido la viabilidad celular, niveles de lactato de hidrogenosa, N-acetil-β-d-glucosaminidasa, ácido láctico y proteina celular total, en células del tipo macrofágico, P388D1, después de 48 hrs. de incubación con cada arcilla. Existe una relación significativa entre la superficie específica BET/N2 de las arcillas y su citotoxicidad aunque en dos casos el nivel de citotoxicidad fué influenciado aparentemente por la presencia de cuarzo o cristobalita en la muestra. Se discuten los resultados a la vista de los datos disponibles en animales, relacionados con las arcillas, sobre epidemiología.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 18 , Issue 2 , June 1983 , pp. 153 - 163
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1983

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