^{page 60 note 1} B.C.H. XX., p. 126; a revised text in I.G. V. 2. 268, Ditt. Syll.³ 783, 11. 34 ff.: cf. Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Hermes XXXV., p. 536, for its date. For undertaking all priest-hoods cf. S.E.G. II. 447 (second century B.C.: Histria), 451 (first cent. B.C.: ibid.).

^{page 60 note 2} Rh. Mus. LV., p. 291 = Kl. Schr. IV., p. 311 (1. 22, which he quotes as , is now read ).

^{page 60 note 3} Cf. Frazer, J. G., Pausanias I., p. xiv₆; Gruppe, Griech. Myth., p. 1494 f.Google Scholar Some temples at Mantinea may have been destroyed in the wars which marked its chequered history. Pausan. VIII. 9. 6, which Usener quotes, refers to the temple of Aphrodite Symmacbia, founded in commemoration of the victory of Actium, and presumably existing for some time afterwards.

^{page 60 note 4} L. 25: ⋯ νεα⋯γαιος

^{page 61 note 1} Cf. Strack, M. L., Gött. Gel. Anz., 1900, pp. 642 ff.Google Scholar, and in particular Phylarch, fr. 23 Müller (F.H.G. I., p. 339), ap. Athen. XIII., p. 593C (but this is in the mouth of one Danae at the point of death, and Phylarchus also wrote a work ): contra, J. Beloch, Gr. Gesch. III.¹, pp. 443 ff., also Polyb. IV. 20 on Arcadian piety, Ditt. Syll.³ 695. 15 ff. on Magnesian piety, Gruppe, op. cit., p. 178, 1493 on the revival of the Amphictyony of Calauria, and in general Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Hellenistische Dichtung 1. 68 ff.

^{page 61 note 2} I.G. V. 2. 265: cf. 266 (46/5 or 44/3 B.C.).

^{page 61 note 3} Cic. Pro Flacco 44.

^{page 61 note 4} Syll.³ 756.

^{page 61 note 5} I.G. XII. 3, suppl. 1270. A restoration of the temple of Apollo at Gythium in Laconia, (1. 4) , is dated as slightly earlier than Sulla (I.G. V. i. 1144).

^{page 61 note 6} Syll.³ 736.

^{page 61 note 7} As , 17. 8, p. 84, Gomperz; 18. 5, P. 85 : cf. Usener, , Epicurea, p. 258Google Scholar, for Epicurean performance of religious observances.

^{page 61 note 8} Dieterich, Sommertag (= Archiv für Rèligionswissenschaft VIII. Beiheft), Pl. I.: cf. the cult scenes in the small panels of the stuccos of the Casa Farnesina (Paribeni, R., Le Terme di Diocleziano⁴, pp. 187 f.Google Scholar; J.H.S. XXIII., p. 321, Fig. 17), and at Pompeii the paintings of a procession of Venus Pompeiana (Notizie degli scavi, 1912, p. 110, Fig. 7: cf. Corte, M. Della, Ausonia X., pp. 68 ff., Pl. III.Google Scholar), of her festival (Helbig, , Wandgemälde, p. 358, n. 1479Google Scholar), of a phallophoria, an offering to Priapus, and initiation scenes (as they probably are) in the Villa Item (Not., 1910, p. 143, Pl. X., XI., XII.-XX.: on these latter cf. Cooke, P. M., J.R.S. III., pp. 157 ff., Pl. VIII.-XIII.Google Scholar), of Egyptian cult scenes (Reinach, , R.P.G.R., p. 160Google Scholar), of Dionysiac worship (Helbig, , op. cit., pp. 128 ff.Google Scholar; ib., p. 129, n. 569, a Priapic rite), of Roman worship (ib., pp. 333 f., 357. n. 1478), and in the Villa Tiberina a Dionysiac cult scene (Monumenti XII., Pl. 18, 20: cf. Pfuhl, E., Malerei und Zeichnung II., p. 836, § 916Google Scholar), not to mention the innumerable rustic shrines and sacred trees in enclosures to be noted in Pompeian and kindred painting (as Not., 1922, p. 469, Fig. 8; p. 470, Fig. 9: cf. Helbig, , Untersuchungen über die campanische Wandmalerei, p. 300Google Scholar; Pfuhl II., pp. 893 ff., 907), or genuine religious pictures, as those in the temple of Isis at Pompeii (Wandg., pp. 2 ff.), or that of the Iuuenes Venerii Pompeiani (Corte, M. Della, luventus, 1924, pp. 92 ff. Pl. I.).Google Scholar

^{page 61 note 9} Cf. Christ-Schmid, , Griech. Litt. II.⁶, p. 300, 479Google Scholar; Drachmann, A. B., Atheism in Pagan Antiquity, pp. 95 f.Google Scholar, treats the novel as a typical instance of the supersession of the gods by Tyche. Tyche is indeed prominent in it; nevertheless, putting on one side the ‘aretalogy’ type of novel (exemplified in effect by the work of Philostratus on Apollonius; cf. Christ-Schmid, p. 808), we may find in the secular type confirmation of popular interest in cults and of popular belief. Callirhoe is advised by the country folk near Miletus to pray to their Aphrodite (Chariton II. 2): (cf. I. 14, III. 6: Aphrodite is ⋯πιφανεστ⋯τη in an inscription at Aphrodisias, R.E.G. XIX., p. 231): other passages bearing on this are III. 8, VII. 2, Xen. Ephes. I. 5, 10, 12, III. II, IV. 2, 3, V. 4, Historia Apollonii, c. 26 fin. (and cf. Calderini, A., Le avventure di Cherea e Calliroe, pp. 80 ff.Google Scholar). Chariton, Xenophon, and the lost Greek original of the Historia reflect an earlier scheme of composition, and it is not improbable that the religious element in them is earlier in the γ⋯νος and pre-Augustan. This tradition survives in Longus (who tries to draw a picture of rustic piety which reminds us of Tibullus), in the probably sceptical Achilles Tatius (cf. II. 2, V. 2, VIII. 18 ), and later in the Christian writers Eumathios (as I. 10) and Theodoras Prodromus; they found this characteristic feature of the novel fixed before them.

^{page 62 note 1} At Ephesus the cult statue of Artemis becomes common under Augustus and so continues (B.M.C. Ionia, pp. 71. 73, 76 f.), and later we find an interesting Ζεὺς ῾ϒ⋯τιος (p. 79, n. 237) and the sacred processional ⋯π⋯νη (pp. 82, n. 251, 84, n. 267): at Magnesia the cult statue of Artemis Leucophryene and later Isis, Helios, Serapis so appear (ib., pp. 163, 164, 166), at Miletus the cult statue of Apollo Didymeus (pp. 197, n. 133 ff., also Artemis, p. 199, n. 155), at Smyrna the cult-type of Aphrodite Stratoniceia (pp. 239, n. 19 ff.: first century B.C.), at Teos the cista mystica surmounted by a Bacchic mask (p. 316, n. 53), at Samos Hera Samia (p. 370, etc.), at Aphrodisias in Caria the cult statue of Aphrodite (B.M.C. Caria, p. 28, n. 19, etc. [first century B.C.], previously only her head), at Bargylia Artemis Kindyas (p. 72.8, first century B.C.), at Cidramus Aphrodite (p. 81. 5, under Nero?), at Euromus Zeus Labraundus (p. 99. 3), at Halicarnassus a terminal Athena (p. 110. 81, under Nero), at Harpasos Artemis. Ephesia (p. 113. 2), at Stratonicea Hecate (p. 150. 23, after 81), at Mytilene a terminal Dionysos (B.M.C. Troas, pp. 193, n. 106 ff.).

^{page 62 note 2} Cf. Norden, E., Neue Jahrb. VII. (1901), pp. 251 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 62 note 3} Cf. Polyb. VI. 56. 6 ff, Posidon. ap. Athen. VI., p. 274A, for Greek ideas of the connexion of Roman greatness and Roman religion.

^{page 62 note 4} That Julius Caesar had intended to do something like the Augustan restoration is unlikely, though there is evidence to show that he was interested in old forms (cf. Fowler, W. W., Roman Essays and Interpretations, pp. 138 ff.Google Scholar). His religious policy seems rather to have been one of encouraging direct cult of himself (cf. Meyer, E., Caesars Monarchie³, pp. 508 ff.).Google Scholar

^{page 62 note 5} Cf. Schnabel's, P. recent discussion, Klio XIX., pp. 113 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 62 note 6} Cf. White, R. E., J.H.S. XVIII., pp. 238 ff.Google Scholar; Kornemann, E., Klio I., pp. 72 ff.Google Scholar; Wilcken, U., Grundzüge und Chrestomathie, I. i., pp. 92 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 62 note 7} Cf. Weinreich, O., Neue Urkunden zur Sarapisreligion, pp. 4 ffGoogle Scholar. An illustration of the success of this policy is a temple relief at Kom Ombo representing Ptolemy IV. Philopator in the act of pegging out the limits of a temple (Weigel, A., Ancient Egyptian Works of Art, 1924, p. 342Google Scholar). Every detail of his garb is Pharaonic. The same monarch's head on Greek coins can be seen in Svoronos, ΤΑ ΝΟΜΙΣΜΑΤΑ ΤOmega;Ν ΠΤΟΔΕΜΑΙΩΝ II., p. 1117, Pl. 36. 6, 7. The likeness of portraiture between the Egyptian bas-relief and the Greek coin is obvious [C.T.S.].

^{page 62 note 8} Cf. C.R., 1924, pp. 105 f.

^{page 62 note 9} III. Maccab. II. 28. For Dionysus in Hellenistic Egypt, cf. Wilcken, U., Arch, Jahrb. XXXII. (1917), pp. 194 ff.Google Scholar; Roussel, P., C.R. Ac. Inscr., 1919, pp. 237 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 63 note 1} Bevan, E. R., The House of Seleucus I., p. 154, Pl. 1. 6.Google Scholar Antiochus I. was deified after death as Ἀντ⋯οχος Ἀπ⋯λλων Σωτ⋯ρ (Head, H.N.², p. 758).

^{page 63 note 2} Babelon, Rois de Syrie, Pl. XII. 10, 11, 12; Cat. Hirsch. XXI. (Consul Weber, 1908), Pl. LIII., n. 4069 [C.T.S.]. For the earliest known instance of this method of numismatic portraiture cf. Hill, G. F., Anatolian Studies, p. 207 ff.Google Scholar, Pl. IX. 1 (coin of Cos showing Herakles with the features of Maussollus).

^{page 63 note 3} E. R. Bevan, op. cit. II., pp. 148 ff., 168, 173: to win Rome's friendship he built a temple of Jupiter Capitolinus at Antioch.

^{page 63 note 4} Except that Antigonus Gonatas liked to think of himself as Pan, cf. Tarn, W. W., Antigonos Gonatas, pp. 174, 380Google Scholar, and frontispiece [C.T.S.].

^{page 63 note 5} Cf. W. W. Tarn, J.H.S. XXIX., pp. 271 ff. (Antigonus Gonatas founds the Paneia and the Soteria).

^{page 63 note 6} Cf. von Prott, H., Ath. Mitth. XXVII. (1902), pp. 164 ff., 187Google Scholar; Cardinali, G., Il regno di Pergamo (= Studi. … da Giulio Beloch V.), pp. 139 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 63 note 7} Cf. Attalid coins figured by A. J. B. Wace, J.H.S. XXV., Pl. X., 6, 7, 8. For the economic relations between these monarchs and the great temples within their kingdoms, cf. Rostovtzeff, M., Anatolian Studies, pp. 384 ff.Google Scholar We find στρατηγο⋯ appointed by Eumenes I. (263–241) restoring τ⋯ ἱερ⋯ ⋯ναθ⋯ματα (Ditt. Or. Gr. Inscr. 267. 11).

The Lysimachean origin of the coin-type was pointed out to me by Mr. C. T. Seltman: specimens of the original are Cat. Naville VI. (Bément I.) (1923), Pl. 31, n. 885, 888–901.

^{page 63 note 8} Waddington - Babelon - Reinach, Recueil général I., p. 217, Pl. XXIX. 10–17, XXX. 1–6, XXXII. 4–13, XXXIII., XXXIV. So Nike crowns the legend on coins of Antiochus IV. Epiphanes (B.M.C., Seleucid Kings, p. 35. 16; Cat. Bément II., Pl. 58, n. 1681) and of Antiochus V. Eupator (B.M.C., p. 44. 3; Cat. Bément II., Pl. 58, n. 1684).

^{page 63 note 9} Ditt. O.G.I. 383, cf. A. B. Cook, Zeus I., pp. 742 ff., for bibliography. With κενδ⋯νουςμεγ⋯λους (1.20), cf. the inscription on the Lambiridi mosaic (Rev. Arch. 1922, pp. 211 ff.=Ann. Épig., 1922, n. 112) C.I.L. XIII. 6631 (Stockstadt), σωθε⋯ς ⋯κ πολ⋯μου κα⋯ ⋯μετρ⋯των μ⋯λα μ⋯χθων, Orph. H. 38. 3 (to the Kabeiroi) (with the material collected by Lobeck, Aglaophamus, pp. 1218 flf.; O. Kern, P. W. X., pp. 1431 f.) I. G. Rom. 1.107.

These parallels militate against Carcopino's interpretation (l.c., pp. 251 ff.) of the Lambiridi text as specifically Hermetic.

^{page 64 note 1} V. W. Yorke, J.H.S. XVIII., pp. 312 ff., n. 14.

^{page 64 note 2} For the restoration of ruined temples in the Republican period, cf. De Ruggiero, Diz. Ep. I., pp. 169 f.

^{page 64 note 3} Cf. Rose, H. J., Annals of Archaeology XI., pp. 25 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 64 note 4} ⋯ν⋯γκαζε belongs to the thought of the time when Christians had been punished for failure to sacrifice.

^{page 64 note 5} Cf. Kornemann, Klio I., pp. 51 ff.; Stein, A., Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und Verwaltung Ägyptens unter römischer Herrschaft, p. 16;Google Scholar L. R. Taylor, T.A.P.A. LI. (1920), pp. 116 ff.; Dessau, H., Gesch. d. röm. Kaiserzeit I., p. 356.Google Scholar

^{page 64 note 6} We may note as a parallel conception to ludos quos nec spectasset quisquam nec specturus esset (Suet. Claud. 21) the prescription in a receipt for curing profluuium mulieris (in a form of Sextus Placitus in Cod. Leid. 1283, fol. 53 uerso), de pectine unde sola pectinet capillos suos ita ut nulla pectinauerit ante earn nee post eam pectinet sub arbore mori pectinentur ei capilli: in each case a purification is desired.

On the intention of Augustus, cf. M. P. Nilsson, P. W. I.A, pp. 1716 f.

^{page 64 note 7} So Tiberius (Tac. Ann. II. 49), Vespasian (C.I.L. X. 1406 = Dessau, Inscr. lat. sel. 250, Mater magna at Herculaneum: XIV. 3485, Victoria at Vallis Digentiae: in VI. 934 = Dessau 252 he is called restitutor aedium sacrarum), Domitian (Cohen, Monnaies ² I.p., 471, n. 23, CAPIT. RESTIT., after the fire) [H.M.], Trajan (C.I.L. VI. 962 = Dessau 295), Hadrian (Vita 12. 3, Augustus at Tarraco: IX. 5294, dea Cupra in Cupra maritima: X. 6652, temple at Antium: XIV. 2216, fanum at Aricia: Pausan. VIII. 10. 1, Poseidon at Mantinea), Antoninus Pius (VI. 401, Capitoline triad at Rome: Cohen, Monnaies ² II., p. 270, n. 1–12, Augustus at Rome [H.M.]: cf. Notizie, 1899, p. 223), M. Antonius and Verus (XII. 107, temples at Axima after flood: I.G. Rom.I. 1146, shrine of Ptolemies at Antaeupolis), Severus (C.I.L. III. 6313, Terra mater in Moesia), Severus and Antoninus (III. 3342 = Desjardin, Desiderata, 1.26, Augustus in Pannonia: VI. 896, Pantheum at Rome; 935, Satum [?] at Rome; 938, Vespasian at Rome; 883, Fortuna muliebris (?) at Rome: VII. 106, temple [?] in Britain), of Aurelian we read (Vita 41. 11) omnia in urbe fana eius micant donis: the restoration of a Mithraic sacrarium at Carnuntum by Diocletian, Galerius, and Licinius in 307 A.D. is famous (C.I.L. III. 44. 3 = Dess. 659, cf. Cumont, Mystères de Mithra ³, pp. 88 f.).

^{page 64 note 8} For his other activity in the field of religion, cf. E. Ferrero, Diz. Ep. II., p. 292a.

^{page 64 note 9} Cf. G. Corradi, Diz. Ep. II., pp. 2015 f. (who notes also his favour to Isis).

^{page 64 note 10} Cf. in particular F. Cumont, C.R. Ac. Inscr., 1919. p. 317.

^{page 64 note 11} Cf. Wilcken, U., Grundzüge, pp. 113 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 64 note 12} Cf. Chapot, V., La Province Romaine d'Asie, pp. 416 ff.Google Scholar; Picard, , Éphèse et Claros, pp. 660 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 64 note 13} As Antoninus Pius, honoured ob insignem eius erga caerimonias publicas curam ac religionem (C.I.L. VI. 1001). Tiberius banishes Jews from Italy, while tolerating them elsewhere, and takes measures against Egyptian cults in Italy and against the Druids (Gelzer, P. W. X., p. 533. 57 ff.). Maximinus Daia (cf. Euseb. H.E. VIII. 14. 9, IX. 5) and possibly Galerius before him (cf. J. G. C. Anderson, J.R.S. III., p. 300) anticipate Julian in adopting definite policies of strengthening paganism against Christianity. Cf. Geffcken, J., Ausg. griech.-röm. Heident., pp. 28 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 65 note 1} Cf. Pausan. VIII. 38. 7,

^{page 65 note 2} Cf. Wissowa, P. W. II., p. 1463; Lübker, Rtallex. ³, p. 121.

^{page 65 note 3} Here I am indebted to Professor R. C. Bosanquet for a suggestion.

^{page 65 note 4} R. C. Bosanquet, B.S.A. XV., pp. 341, 353 f. The hymn is dated circa 300 B.C. by G. Murray (ib., pp. 364 f.), in the second or third century B.C. by Schwenn, P. W. Xl., p. 2205. 32 ff.

^{page 65 note 5} Cf. P.W. IX. 2103. 26 ff. A Beneventan is honoured as reparator collegiorum (after a destructive fire), C.I.L. IX. 1596 = Dessau, 5511.

^{page 65 note 6} C.I.L. VII. 39 (cf. 45 locum religiosum per insolentiam dirutum Virtuti et Numini Aug. repurgatum reddidit), VI. 31006.

^{page 65 note 7} C.I.L. III. 4796 (= Dessau, 4197): cf. Eph. Epig. IX. 997b signum et erectam prisca religione (?) columnam Septimius renouat primae prouinciae rector (Haverfield, ad loc. ‘monumentum ipsunt quarto saeculo Iuliani fortasse temporibus renouaium esse iure existimes.’ The monument is at Cirencester).

For Julian's edict of February 4, 362, commanding the restoration of temples cf. O. Seeck, Geschichte des Untergangs, IV., p. 493. In Roman law as stated by Marcianus ap. Dig. I. 8. 6. 3, semel autetn aede sacra facta etiam diruto aedificio locus sacer manet.

^{page 65 note 8} C.I.L. VIII. suppl., 17327 temple of Mercury at Hr. Aïn Tella; 21665 Dea Maura at Albulae; 26472 Genius in Thugga; 25520 aedes publicas at Bulla Regia: Inscr. Alg. I., 2048 Hercules at Madaura (by order of the proconsul, T. Cl. Aurelius Aristobulus, in office A.D. 290–294: cf. I.G. Rom. III., 1096, at Hinè in Syria, for the building of the περ⋯βολος of a temple at the governor's command). C.I.L. XIII., 8019 Mars militaris at Bonn (A.D. 295).

^{page 65 note 9} The following collection of restorations and renovations (supplementing previous footnotes) is not exhaustive; some restorations of cult statues are included:

Rome (C.I.L. VI.).—124 Diana: 150 Fons Augustus: 166 Fontes et Nymphae sanctissimae: 177 Fortuna et tutela huius loci: 218 Emperors: 247 Genius loci: 253 Trajan: 293 Hercules, Epona, Siluanus: 388 Iuppiter O.M.: 605–8 (also 610–6, 619, 626, 679, 31020) Siluanus: 597, 30993 Hercules: 30958, 30960–1 Lares Augusti: 30965 Liber pater: 31061 Virtus: 31110 dea Syria (?): 30961 (?): Bull. comm. V., p. 164, n. 137, Iuppiter Dolichenus.

Lativm Vetvs (C.I.L. XIV.).—Ostia, 60–1 Mithras: 375 Volcanus: 376. 13 Castor et Pollux: 376. 16 Pater Tiberinus: 376. 21 Venus. Aefula, 3530 ? Bona dea. Tibur, 3543 Hercules Saxanus. Ficulea, 4001 Bona Dea: 4002 Fortuna et Victoria. Tusculum, Eph. Epigr. IX. 680 Lares (pecunia publica): ib. 685 altar of Hercules Obsequens.

Etrvria, Vmbria (C.I.L. XL).—Volsinii, 2689 Siluanus. Ameria, 4349 Mars (perhaps pre-imperial: cf. Bormann, ad loc). Spoletium, 4770 loui O.M. Fortunae maeliori Aug. dis deabusque communibus. Iguuium, 5805 Mars Cyprius. Vettona, 5164 Sol inuictus (?). Sentinum, 5743 (?).

Calabria, etc. (C.I.L. IX.).—Aesernia, 2629 Genius (perhaps after an earthquake, cf. 2638). Aecae, 949 loui io … (read cohor. = cohortali, cf. Thes. l. l. III., p. 1560. 58; Notizie, 1920, p. 102, a soldier's dedication: this restoration of a temple is by an euocatus). Corfinium, 3146 image of Magna Mater. Amiternum, 4181 Fortuna.

Brvttii, etc. (C.I.L. X.).—Stabiae, 772 Genius Stabiarum. Pompeii, 846 Isis (after earthquake). Neapolis, 1480 Sebethus. Cumae, 3685 Demeter. Signia, 5961 Hercules. Setia, 6463 Apollo. Ulubrae, 6485 Roma et Augustus (? 132 A.D.). Antium, ? 6649.

Sicily, etc. (C.I.L. X.).—Syracuse, 7121 Venus Erucina. Malta, 7494 Proserpine. Sulci, 7514 Isis et Serapis. Turris Libonis, 7496 Fortuna (by M. Ulpius Victor, praef. prou., in 244 A.D., it seems, under Philip). Tegianum, 8095 Iuppiter.

Gallia Cisalpina (C.I.L. V.).—Col. Iulia Parentum, 328 Neptunus deique Aug. Col. Iulium Carnicum, 1829 Belinus. Verona, 3257 compitum of Lares. Fines Cotti, 7228 compitum of Diuae Matronae. E. of shore of L. Benacus, 4007 Mater deum et Isis. Mediolanum, 5795 Mithras (spelaeum destroyed by fire). Pedo, 7851 ?. Aquileia, 8247 altar of Vires. Pola E. Pais, Suppl. ital., 1095 Liber Augustus. Brixia, ib. 682 (= Notizie 1883, p. 152) Minerva. Comum, Plin. Epp. IX. 39. 1, Ceres (on Pliny's estate).

Hispania (C.I.L. II.).—Colonia Iulia Augusta, 3557 Iuno. Tarraco, 4085 Minerua (front of temple).

Tres Galliae, Germania (C.I.L. XIII.).—Petrucorii, 939 Tutela. Augusta Treuerorum, 3653 simulacrum of Mars Intarabus. Minnodurum, 5043 Iuppiter O.M. Vesontio, 5373 Mercurius Cissomus (by Syrian woman). Argentorate, 5970 Minerua sancta et genius loci: 5971 Quadriuiae. Dürrmenz, 6339 to ?. Murrhardt, 6530 Mithras. Oehringen, 6541 image of Minerua. Ciuitas Mattiacorum, 7281 Mons Vaticanus for Virtus Bellona (23 Aug., 236, by hastiferi, cf. Cumont C. R. Ac. Inscr., 1918, pp. 312 ff., 1919, p. 258): 7284 ? Iuppiter. Heddernheim, 7352 I.O.M. Iuno Regina (13 March, 240). Aquae Mattiacorum, 7566a Iuppiter Dolichenus (194 A.D.). Colonia Agrippinensium, 8201 Iuppiter Dolichenus (211 A.D.).

Britannia (C.I.L. VII.).— Venta Belgarum, 5 Matres (early second century). Londinium, 20 Matres. Newcastle museum, 510 Matres. Cambeckfort, 887 Matres (templum olim uetustate conlapsum). Eboracum, 236 Hercules. Coccium, 222 Minerua (early third century). Old Carlisle, 336 Dea aeterna [Magna, 755 Mars et Augustus (? a restoration)]. Thornburgh on Swale, 271 Deus qui uias et semitas commentus est. Netherby, Eph. Epig. IX. 1226 ? Aesculapius.

Africa (C.I.L. VIII.; also I. Alg. I. = S. Gsell Inscriptions de l'Algérie I.).—Lambaesis, 2597 Genius domi suae: Ann. Épig. 1920, n. 21, of ? (early third century). Furni, 12037 of ?. Utica, 1183 of?. Sicca, 15881 image of Venus. Rusicade, 7957 Bellona Aug. Sertei, 8826 Deus sanctus frugifer Augustus. Hu.-Ghaïade, 11986 Tellus (under Commodus, after 183 A.D.). Vaga, 14392 Tellus. Uccula, 14365 image of Mars. Anzia, 20745 Caelestibus Augustis (222 A.D.). Madaura, I. Alg., 2056 Mars (wall of temple). S. W. of Youks, 28046 Saturnus Augustus. S. of Uchi Major, 26400 Ceres, to whom, it seems, also at Vaga 14394. Aubuzza, 16367 Genius Coloniae Iuliae Veneriae Chirtae nouae. Carthago, 24521 [Magnae deum matri Idaeae] et Atti (portico [?] of temple).

]? temples at Botria 11184, Vzappa 11932, Ksar Lattache 22773.]

Dacia Pannonia Moesia (C.I.L. III.).—Apulum, 1069 I.O.M. et Iunoni Reginae: 1111 Sol Inuictus (183/5 A.D.): 1164 of?. Narona, 1786 of ?. Arrabona, 4363 I.O.M. Iunoni Reginae Mineruae Neptuno Libero patri Dianae ceterisque dibus. Carnuntum, 4426 Siluano Aug. gen. loci. Aequinoctium, 4540 Inuictus deus. Near Aquontium, 4726 Herculi inuicto Iunonibus. Verunum, 4800 Mithras. Augusta Vindelicorum, 5797 Siluanus: 5862 Sol.

Raetia.—5911 of ?. Alsó-Kosálo, 825 Nemesis. Brigetio, 10984 I.O.M.

Thrace.—Near Ljubuski, 8484 (=6362=1790) Libero patri et Liberae: 8485 (=6363=1789) Lib. pat.

Dalmatia.—13972 Mater magna.

Noricvm.—Atrans, 11676 of ?.

Greece.—Geronthria in Laconia, I.G. V.; 1114 Hera. Messene, ib., 1462 Asklepios. Lycosura, I.G. V. ii., 515 Despoina (Augustan age): 520 Despoina. Megara, I.G. VII. 42, Apollo (by private individuals: third century B.C.). Near Tkespiae, I.G. VII., 1830 Eros (first century A.D.). Artemision in Euboea, I.G. XII. 9, 1189 Artemis Προσηώια (end of second century B.C.). Melos, I.G. XII. 3, 1104 of ? (by demos, from funds given ). Paros, S.G.D.I., 5437 spring, altar, ⋯λαμος (by a number of Parian women). Imbros, I.G. XII. 8. 73, Theoi Megaloi (stoa). Lindos, cf. the temple chronicle. Near Philippi, B.C.H. XLVII., p. 64 (Minerva).

Crete.—Istron, S.G.D.I., 5056 (the holy snake, according to Blass, ad loc.) τ⋯ς χει⋯ς (cf. τ⋯ν τρώγλην, Herodas IV. 90, explained by Herzog, Hermes XXIX., p. 626). Hierapytna, Ἐφ. Ἀρχ., 1908, p. 200, images in cave of Zeus Diktaios mended and gilded.

Asia Minor.—Appa in Isauria, B.C.H. Xl., p. 63, of ?. Saghir, J.H.S. XXXII., pp. 162 ff., ἄντρον (?) of ξ⋯νοι Τεκμ⋯ρειοι. Smyrna, Syll. ³, 1263 image of Athena. Pergamon, O.G.I. 483. 189, Nymphs (their temple to be repaired from fines: second century A.D.). Myra, I.G. Rom. III. 739, xix. 9, Eleuthera (= Artemis: by Opramoas of Rhodiapolis, after an earthquake circa 149 A.D.). Uzundschaburdsch (in Cilicia), Wien. Denkschr. XLIV. 6, pp. 85 ff., n. 166, Zeus Olbios (new roof).

Pontvs.—Olbia, I.O. Sept. Pont. I. 58, 61, Apollo Prostates (by the στρατηγο⋯ in their official capacity): 98 a προσευχ⋯ (of Achilles Pontarches, according to Minns, E. H., Scythians and Greeks, p. 468, but?Google Scholar).

^{page 66 note 1} As the Ptoia in Boeotia after a break of thirty years (I.G. VII. 2712. 56 ff., in the first century A.D.: cf. Nilsson, M. P., Griechische Feste, p. 162 ff.Google Scholar), the Eleutheria at Larisa (Syll. ³, 1059, II. 91; dated about the beginning of our era by Hiller von Gärtringen), and probably the ⋯γὼν ⋯ριστοπολιτε⋯ας at Sparta (B.S.A. XII., p. 460. 12. W. Kolbe, I.G. V. 1. 467, puts this in the time of Trajan: cf. S.E.G. II. 176), and the ⋯γὼν καρτερ⋯ας in the same city (cf. R. C. Bosanquet, B.S.A. XII., pp. 315 ff.).

Egypt.—Assouan, Arch. f. Pap., II., p. 445, n. 67, ? of Ἄγγελοι (323 A.D.).

^{page 67 note 1} Cf. Wissowa, , Religion und Kultus ², p. 991.Google Scholar

^{page 67 note 2} Cf Ditt. O.G.I. 383 (the Antiochus inscripon: first century B.C.), 1. 29: Apul. Met. XI. 5 primigenii Phryges Pessinuntiam deum matrem … Eleusinii uetustam deam Cererem … priscaque doctrina pollentes Aegyptii; VI. 4 siue tu Sami terns uetusta delubra: Notizie, 1924, p. 69 (on base of image of Juppiter Caelus in all probability), deum uetusta religione in uelo formatum. On men's preference of old rude xoana to the masterpieces of Greek art, cf. B. Pick, Verh. 47 Versammlung d. Phil. Halle, 1903, p. 94; Festgabe Blümner, pp. 485 ff.: for the interest Pausanias shows in them cf. J. G. Frazer, Pausanias II., pp. 69 f.

At the same time, innovations were made in ritual, as perhaps the introduction of the taurobolium in the cult of the Mater magna (H. Hepding, Attis, p. 200: L. Deubner's suggestion, A.R.W. XIII., p. 505, that the rite in the grove of Anna Perenna mentioned by Martial IV. 64. 16 f. is an innovation, is very hazardous, resting as it does on an argumentum ex silentio from Ovid).