¹ I would like to thank two of my students, Christina Miller and Lisa Tannenbaum, who inspired me to pursue Virgilian wordplay, and CQ’s anonymous reader, whose criticism and suggestions improved my work. As always, I owe a debt of gratitude to Harry Evans, with whom I first discussed my ideas. And, most especially, I am grateful to Nicholas Horsfall, who has read several drafts of this paper and has made many insightful comments. Any errors, of course, are my own.