* This is a slightly revised version of the paper which I read to the Thirteenth International Congress of Greek and Latin Epigraphy in Oxford, in September 2007. I thank Dr. S.D. Lambert for inviting me to contribute to the panel which he was organizing, and all who have discussed this subject with me, there and elsewhere. In particular, I thank Dr. N. Papazarkadas for showing me two recent papers of his, one of which he is contributing to J. Ma et al. (edd.), Interpreting the Athenian Empire. New Essays (Duckworth, forthcoming), in which he performs the kind of exercise I am performing here – and for saving me from an error of mine: he accepts lower dates more consistently than I do; for the decree for Sigeum he proposes an even lower date (IG I³ 17: see p. 504 with n. 8, below); but he stresses that absence of evidence is not evidence of absence and thinks that Pericles' imperialism differed from Cleon's in practices of publication rather than practices of rule.