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Notes on Aratus, Phaenomena

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2009

D. A. Kidd
D. A. Kidd
Affiliation:
Christchurch, New Zealand
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Extract

It is characteristic of A. to use words that occur only once in Homer, and such a word is ἄρρητος. In Od. 14. 466 it describes the remark that is better left unspoken, ὅ πέρ τ' ἄρρητον ἄμεινον. But it has the distinction of occurring once also in Hesiod, and this time it is used of men without fame, ῥητοί τ' ἄρρητοί τε Διòς μεγάλοιο ἕκατι (Op. 4). It is clearly this line in Hesiod's proem that A. is echoing in his own, and in the same kind of sense, though, as Martin points out, A. ‘renverse en quelque sorte une expression d'Hésiode’. In the Phaenomena it is Zeus who is always being celebrated by men.

The idiom with ⋯⋯ν and negative is used by Plato, Lg. 793 b, οὔτε νόμους δεῖ προσαγορεύειν αὐτ⋯ οὔτε ἄρρητα ⋯⋯ν, and it may have been a familiar expression. But here in A., with the emphatic οὐδέποτε, it does seem rather contrived, and this may account for the fanciful explanation in the scholia that Zeus here represents the air we use every time we speak. The phrasing is certainly designed to give the maximum emphasis to ἄρρητον, which comes in enjambement at the beginning of the second line and is then followed by a strong sense pause. It is tempting, therefore, to suggest that the poet is indulging in a kind of pun on the sound of his own name, which usually has a long α in its first syllable and sometines η in its second: e.g. Call. Epigr. 27. 4 Ἀρήτου σύντονος ⋯γρυπνίη, and Leonidas, A.P. 9. 25. 1 γράμμα τόδ' Ἀρήτοιο δαήμονος. Other Hellenistic poets have contrived puns on the derivation oftheir names: Philodemusin A.P. 5. 115, Meleager in A.P. 12. 165, and Crates in A.P. 11. 218. 4. Closer to A. is the story recorded in the ancient biographical tradition of Antigonus complimenting the poet with the pun εὐδοξóτερον ποιεῖς τòν Eὔδοξον.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Classical Quarterly , Volume 31 , Issue 2 , December 1981 , pp. 355 - 362
Copyright
Copyright © The Classical Association 1981

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References

1 The following editions of the Phaenomena contain the references ad loc.: Buttmann, P., Arati Solensis Phaenomena et Diosemeia (Berlin, 1826)Google Scholar; Erren, M., Aratos, Phainomena (München, 1971)Google Scholar, with translation and notes; Maass, E., Arati Phaenomena (Berlin, 1893; repr. 1955)Google Scholar; Mair, G. R., ‘The Phaenomena of Aratus’, Callimachus, Lycophron, Aratus (Loeb Classical Library, 1921)Google Scholar, with translation and notes; Martin, J., Arati Phaenomena (Firenze, 1956)Google Scholar, with commentary and translation; Schott, A. and Böker, R., Aratos, Sternbilder und Wetterzeichen (München, 1958)Google Scholar, translation and notes; Voos, J. H., Ἀράτου Φαινóμενα κα⋯ Διοσήμεια (Heidleberg, 1824)Google Scholar, with translations and commentary; Zannoni, G., Arato di Soli, Fenomeni e Pronostici (Firenze, 1948)Google Scholar, with translation and notes.

2 Martin, J., Scholia in Aratum Vetera (Stuttgart, 1974)Google Scholar, gives the scholia references ad loc.

3 The Ionic form of the name here may well be a conscious echo of Homer, 's Ἄρητος θεοειδής (Il. 17. 494)Google Scholar, who makes his appearance in this one episode only (494–536).

4 Martin, , Scholia, p. 8Google Scholar.

5 Jacques, J.-M., ‘Sur un acrostiche d'Aratos’, REA 62 (1960), 48–61Google Scholar; Vogt, E., ‘Das Akrostichon in der griechischen Literatur’, AA 13 (1966), 83–7Google Scholar.

6 Gow, A. S. F. and Scholfield, A. F., Nicander (Cambridge, 1953), p. 177Google Scholar.

7 See Jacques, J.-M., REA 57 (1955), 20Google Scholar.

8 Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, U. v., Hellenistische Dichtung, ii (Berlin, 1924), p. 264Google Scholar.

9 Maass, E., Aratea (Berlin, 1892), pp. 317–20Google Scholar; Pasquali, G., ‘Das Prooimion des Arat’, Χάριτες Friedrich Leo (Berlin, 1911), pp. 117–20Google Scholar; Luck, G., ‘Aratea’, AJPh 97 (1976), 213–34Google Scholar.

10 Frøvig, D. A., SO 15–16 (1936). 47Google Scholar.

11 op. cit., p. 215.

12 10. 478.

13 Martin, , Scholia, p. 83Google Scholar.

14 West, M. L., Hesiod, Theogony (Oxford, 1966), pp. 297–8Google Scholar.

15 Hipparchus, , Commentarii in Arati et Eudoxi Phaenomena, ed. Manitius, (Leipzig, 1894), 1. 2. 6Google Scholar.

16 Aratea, fr. 33. 12 (Soubiran)Google Scholar.

17 Aratea 241–2Google Scholar.

18 Kaibel, G., Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeiger 1 (1893), 952Google Scholar.

19 Hipparchus, op. cit. 1. 8. 15.

20 ibid. 14–15.

21 Erren, M., Die Phainomena des Aratos von Soloi (Wiesbaden, 1967), p. 66Google Scholar.

22 ibid. pp. 66–7.

23 I am grateful to the editors' referee for criticisms which I have found most helpful in revising this paper.